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<p>In biological control programs, multiple natural enemies may be used against a single pest. However, when different species target the same host, they can engage in antagonistic interactions, such as intraguild predation, during which parasitoids are particularly vulnerable while developing inside their hosts. This vulnerability may reduce parasitoid effectiveness, especially when predators preferentially attack parasitized prey. Traditional assessments of parasitoid-predator interactions often overlook how prey density influences predator selection behavior. We investigated intraguild predation using an integrated approach combining functional response and prey-selection models, focusing on the parasitoids <i>Anagyrus cachamai</i> Triapitsyn, Logarzo &amp; Aguirre and <i>A. lapachosus</i> Triapitsyn, Aguirre &amp; Logarzo (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and the predator <i>Hyperaspis conclusa</i> Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), candidate biological control agents of the Puerto Rican cactus pest <i>Hypogeococcus</i> sp. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Using a Bayesian approach, we selected the best-supported models and estimated parameters. The interaction between the predator and the parasitoids was antagonistic, with coccinellid females preferring to feed on parasitized prey. Their feeding behavior differed depending on whether prey had been exposed to <i>A. cachamai</i> or <i>A. lapachosus</i>. When acting sequentially, parasitoids and predators caused higher total mortality than single‐enemy treatments, while exhibiting subadditive multiple‐enemy effects relative to random expectations. Our findings indicate that predator preference and prey density must be considered when evaluating combinations of natural enemies, and show that parasitoid-predator interactions, although antagonistic and subadditive, do not necessarily eliminate overall pest suppression under laboratory conditions.</p>

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Intraguild predation and biological control: developing a new model to evaluate parasitoid-predator interactions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月14日

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  • María B. Aguirre,
  • Octavio A. Bruzzone,
  • Serguei Triapitsyn,
  • Stephen Hight,
  • Hilda Diaz-Soltero,
  • Guillermo A. Logarzo

摘要

In biological control programs, multiple natural enemies may be used against a single pest. However, when different species target the same host, they can engage in antagonistic interactions, such as intraguild predation, during which parasitoids are particularly vulnerable while developing inside their hosts. This vulnerability may reduce parasitoid effectiveness, especially when predators preferentially attack parasitized prey. Traditional assessments of parasitoid-predator interactions often overlook how prey density influences predator selection behavior. We investigated intraguild predation using an integrated approach combining functional response and prey-selection models, focusing on the parasitoids Anagyrus cachamai Triapitsyn, Logarzo & Aguirre and A. lapachosus Triapitsyn, Aguirre & Logarzo (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and the predator Hyperaspis conclusa Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), candidate biological control agents of the Puerto Rican cactus pest Hypogeococcus sp. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Using a Bayesian approach, we selected the best-supported models and estimated parameters. The interaction between the predator and the parasitoids was antagonistic, with coccinellid females preferring to feed on parasitized prey. Their feeding behavior differed depending on whether prey had been exposed to A. cachamai or A. lapachosus. When acting sequentially, parasitoids and predators caused higher total mortality than single‐enemy treatments, while exhibiting subadditive multiple‐enemy effects relative to random expectations. Our findings indicate that predator preference and prey density must be considered when evaluating combinations of natural enemies, and show that parasitoid-predator interactions, although antagonistic and subadditive, do not necessarily eliminate overall pest suppression under laboratory conditions.