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<p>White mold, caused by the soil-borne pathogen <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>, is a major limiting factor in the global production of common bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.). Biological control using <i>Trichoderma</i> species offers a promising alternative for managing this disease. In this study, three <i>Trichoderma</i> isolates, <i>T. harzianum</i> PP002272, <i>T. harzianum</i> PP423092, and <i>T. longibrachiatum</i> PP002254, were tested for their potential biocontrol against <i>S. sclerotiorum</i>. <i>T. harzianum</i> PP002272 showed the highest antagonistic activity, significantly inhibiting <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> mycelial growth by 71.67% in dual culture assays. Conversely, <i>T. harzianum</i> PP423092 resulted in the greatest reduction in sclerotia formation, showing a 71.61% decrease compared with the control. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed morphological damage to the hyphae of <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> when co-cultured with <i>T. harzianum</i> PP002272. Greenhouse experiments demonstrated a marked reduction in white mold disease severity, down to 29.50%, in plants treated with <i>T. harzianum</i> PP002272, compared to 79.17% in the infected control. Additionally, <i>T. harzianum</i> PP423092 alleviated the negative effects of <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> infection and improved the growth parameters, including plant height (cm), number of branches, and number of leaves, in infected plants. Meanwhile, <i>T. longibrachiatum</i> PP002254 achieved the highest levels of chlorophyll <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, and carotenoids. Moreover, anatomical analyses showed notable improvements in root and stem structures, with <i>T. harzianum</i> PP423092 inducing the most pronounced effects. Overall, these results suggest that <i>T. harzianum</i> and <i>T. longibrachiatum</i> can be effectively used as alternatives for controlling white mold caused by <i>S. sclerotiorum</i>.</p>

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Biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and improvement of growth and anatomical features in infected Phaseolus vulgaris plants by three Trichoderma strains

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月18日

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  • Asmaa El-Nagar,
  • Yasser S. A. Mazrou,
  • Abeer H. Makhlouf,
  • Mansour M. El-Fawy,
  • Mohamed G. A. Hegazy,
  • Ghoname M. Amer,
  • Duaa M. H. Rezk,
  • Shahinaz E. Ahmed,
  • Mohamed K. Abou-Shlell

摘要

White mold, caused by the soil-borne pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a major limiting factor in the global production of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Biological control using Trichoderma species offers a promising alternative for managing this disease. In this study, three Trichoderma isolates, T. harzianum PP002272, T. harzianum PP423092, and T. longibrachiatum PP002254, were tested for their potential biocontrol against S. sclerotiorum. T. harzianum PP002272 showed the highest antagonistic activity, significantly inhibiting S. sclerotiorum mycelial growth by 71.67% in dual culture assays. Conversely, T. harzianum PP423092 resulted in the greatest reduction in sclerotia formation, showing a 71.61% decrease compared with the control. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed morphological damage to the hyphae of S. sclerotiorum when co-cultured with T. harzianum PP002272. Greenhouse experiments demonstrated a marked reduction in white mold disease severity, down to 29.50%, in plants treated with T. harzianum PP002272, compared to 79.17% in the infected control. Additionally, T. harzianum PP423092 alleviated the negative effects of S. sclerotiorum infection and improved the growth parameters, including plant height (cm), number of branches, and number of leaves, in infected plants. Meanwhile, T. longibrachiatum PP002254 achieved the highest levels of chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids. Moreover, anatomical analyses showed notable improvements in root and stem structures, with T. harzianum PP423092 inducing the most pronounced effects. Overall, these results suggest that T. harzianum and T. longibrachiatum can be effectively used as alternatives for controlling white mold caused by S. sclerotiorum.