The Influence of Metabolites of Microorganisms of the Genus Bacillus from Permafrost Rocks on T Lymphocyte Differentiation

We studied the influence of metabolites of permafrost microorganisms obtained at different temperature incubation conditions on activity of differentiation of regulatory (Treg) and effector T lymphocytes. It was found that the effect of metabolites is largely regulated by their type that depends on the temperature of production (“cold” at 5°C, “medium temperature” at 22°C, and “warm” at 37°C). The studied metabolites influenced the differentiation of Tregs (CD4⁺CD25^hiCD127^—) and the expression of markers of early (CD69), middle (CD25), and late (HLA DR) activation of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocytes. In the case of “cold” metabolites, the increase in Treg levels was associated with a decrease in the intensity of CD4⁺ T lymphocyte differentiation, and under the influence of “warm” metabolites — with a decrease in the activity of CD8⁺ T lymphocyte differentiation. Under the influence of “medium-temperature” metabolites, Tregs had approximately the same effect on the intensity of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocyte differentiation.