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Background <p>The main requirements for small accelerator tubes include their service life and stability of operation. The magnetic field of the Penning ion source is one of the parameters that affect the characteristics of the tube.</p> Aim <p>To study the operating modes of a&#xa0;Penning ion source at various parameters of the magnetic field for increasing the service life and stability of small accelerator tubes.</p> Materials and methods <p>Numerical simulation was carried out using the validated Magnetic Fields module of the COMSOL Multiphysics software and experimental verification of the calculated results on a&#xa0;vacuum bench with ion current photo recording.</p> Results <p>The magnetic system with the maximum cathode values of magnetic field induction, decreasing towards the anticathode, has the most beneficial operating modes of the Penning ion source: the set current level is provided at a&#xa0;lower gas pressure in the accelerator tube without compromising discharge current stability.</p> Conclusion <p>The performed research proposes options of magnetic systems on the accelerator tube without ignition of a&#xa0;side discharge outside the discharge cell, which contributes to increasing the service life of a&#xa0;Penning ion source. The practical testing of the proposed magnetic system options will be presented in the following publication “Increasing the current characteristics of the Penning ion source in a&#xa0;small accelerator tube by changing the magnetic field. Part&#xa0;2”.</p>

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Increasing the current characteristics of the Penning ion source in a small accelerator tube by changing the magnetic field. Part 1

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • I. M. Mamedov,
  • S. P. Maslennikov

摘要

Background

The main requirements for small accelerator tubes include their service life and stability of operation. The magnetic field of the Penning ion source is one of the parameters that affect the characteristics of the tube.

Aim

To study the operating modes of a Penning ion source at various parameters of the magnetic field for increasing the service life and stability of small accelerator tubes.

Materials and methods

Numerical simulation was carried out using the validated Magnetic Fields module of the COMSOL Multiphysics software and experimental verification of the calculated results on a vacuum bench with ion current photo recording.

Results

The magnetic system with the maximum cathode values of magnetic field induction, decreasing towards the anticathode, has the most beneficial operating modes of the Penning ion source: the set current level is provided at a lower gas pressure in the accelerator tube without compromising discharge current stability.

Conclusion

The performed research proposes options of magnetic systems on the accelerator tube without ignition of a side discharge outside the discharge cell, which contributes to increasing the service life of a Penning ion source. The practical testing of the proposed magnetic system options will be presented in the following publication “Increasing the current characteristics of the Penning ion source in a small accelerator tube by changing the magnetic field. Part 2”.