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<p>We study Barrow holographic dark energy in an anisotropic Bianchi type‑I Universe using two infrared cutoffs—the Hubble scale (Model–1) and the Granda–Oliveros scale (Model–2)—in the presence of cosmic strings and a&#xa0;massive scalar field. An exact analytical solution is obtained by assuming a&#xa0;power-law relation between the scalar field and the average scale factor. Model parameters are constrained through a&#xa0;Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis using the latest cosmic chronometer and combined Baryon Acoustic Oscillation datasets. Using these constraints, we examine key cosmological diagnostics, including <i>H</i>(<i>z</i>) evolution, the deceleration parameter, scalar-field dynamics, statefinder trajectories, the <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Om(z)\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> diagnostic, energy conditions, stability via the squared sound speed, and the <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega_{de}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>–<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega^{\prime}_{de}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> plane. Both models successfully reproduce the transition from early-time deceleration to late-time acceleration, consistent with observational bounds, and evolve from the SCDM regime toward the <i>Λ</i>CDM fixed point, ultimately entering a&#xa0;freezing dark-energy phase. Cosmic strings influence early anisotropy but dilute significantly at late times. The reconstructed cosmic age agrees well with Planck estimates. Overall, the MCMC-constrained BHDE models are viable and show good agreement with recent observational data, exhibiting a&#xa0;smoother dynamical behaviour.</p>

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Dynamical Diagnostics of Anisotropic Barrow Holographic Dark Energy Models with Massive Scalar Fields

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

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  • Y. Aditya

摘要

We study Barrow holographic dark energy in an anisotropic Bianchi type‑I Universe using two infrared cutoffs—the Hubble scale (Model–1) and the Granda–Oliveros scale (Model–2)—in the presence of cosmic strings and a massive scalar field. An exact analytical solution is obtained by assuming a power-law relation between the scalar field and the average scale factor. Model parameters are constrained through a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis using the latest cosmic chronometer and combined Baryon Acoustic Oscillation datasets. Using these constraints, we examine key cosmological diagnostics, including H(z) evolution, the deceleration parameter, scalar-field dynamics, statefinder trajectories, the \(Om(z)\) diagnostic, energy conditions, stability via the squared sound speed, and the \(\omega_{de}\) – \(\omega^{\prime}_{de}\) plane. Both models successfully reproduce the transition from early-time deceleration to late-time acceleration, consistent with observational bounds, and evolve from the SCDM regime toward the ΛCDM fixed point, ultimately entering a freezing dark-energy phase. Cosmic strings influence early anisotropy but dilute significantly at late times. The reconstructed cosmic age agrees well with Planck estimates. Overall, the MCMC-constrained BHDE models are viable and show good agreement with recent observational data, exhibiting a smoother dynamical behaviour.