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<p>Under global climate change, marine heatwaves (MHWs) together with nutrient stress pose increasing threats to macroalgae. Here, the economically important seaweed <i>Neopyropia yezoensis</i> was used to examine the integrated effects of two marine heatwave scenarios (MHW-1: gradual temperature fluctuation; MHW-2: abrupt warming followed by cooling), contrasting nitrogen concentrations, and interspecific competition on the photosynthetic physiology and monospore release of conchospore and monospore seedlings. The results showed that high nitrogen effectively alleviated the inhibitory effects of heatwaves on both seedling types and promoted the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments and phycobiliproteins, whereas high-temperature heatwaves (particularly MHW-2 under low nitrogen) caused the strongest growth inhibition, with the relative growth rate of conchospore seedlings declining by up to 91.05%, and induced pronounced physiological suppression in <i>N. yezoensis</i> seedlings.. Under competitive conditions, conchospore seedlings exhibited stronger adaptability, while monospore seedlings were generally inhibited by competition. Regarding monospore release, release from conchospore seedlings was strongly stimulated by the combined effects of competition and high nitrogen, whereas release from monospore seedlings was mainly regulated by nitrogen availability: under monoculture, low nitrogen favored monospore release, while the stimulatory effect of mixed culture occurred only at early stages and weakened over time. This study systematically reveals how environmental stress and biotic competition jointly drive physiological and reproductive responses in <i>N. yezoensis</i>, providing insights of significance for maintaining nearshore ecosystem stability and enhancing the sustainability of marine aquaculture.</p>

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Multiple-stressor responses of Neopyropia yezoensis seedlings to marine heatwaves, nitrogen availability and interspecific competition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月25日

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  • Ruitong Jiang,
  • Chuchu Wang,
  • He Li,
  • Sufang Li,
  • Xiucheng Shang,
  • Hailong Wu

摘要

Under global climate change, marine heatwaves (MHWs) together with nutrient stress pose increasing threats to macroalgae. Here, the economically important seaweed Neopyropia yezoensis was used to examine the integrated effects of two marine heatwave scenarios (MHW-1: gradual temperature fluctuation; MHW-2: abrupt warming followed by cooling), contrasting nitrogen concentrations, and interspecific competition on the photosynthetic physiology and monospore release of conchospore and monospore seedlings. The results showed that high nitrogen effectively alleviated the inhibitory effects of heatwaves on both seedling types and promoted the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments and phycobiliproteins, whereas high-temperature heatwaves (particularly MHW-2 under low nitrogen) caused the strongest growth inhibition, with the relative growth rate of conchospore seedlings declining by up to 91.05%, and induced pronounced physiological suppression in N. yezoensis seedlings.. Under competitive conditions, conchospore seedlings exhibited stronger adaptability, while monospore seedlings were generally inhibited by competition. Regarding monospore release, release from conchospore seedlings was strongly stimulated by the combined effects of competition and high nitrogen, whereas release from monospore seedlings was mainly regulated by nitrogen availability: under monoculture, low nitrogen favored monospore release, while the stimulatory effect of mixed culture occurred only at early stages and weakened over time. This study systematically reveals how environmental stress and biotic competition jointly drive physiological and reproductive responses in N. yezoensis, providing insights of significance for maintaining nearshore ecosystem stability and enhancing the sustainability of marine aquaculture.