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<p>The fact that the yellowtail tetra (<i>Astyanax lacustris</i>) exhibits sexual dimorphism in growth, with females typically outperforming males, has led to increased interest in sex control strategies for monosex production. This study aimed to refine a dietary masculinization protocol using 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) to induce phenotypic masculinization. Fish were fed diets containing 0, 10, 15, or 20&#xa0;mg/kg MT for either 30 or 60&#xa0;days, followed by rearing on a hormone-free diet until 212&#xa0;days post-hatch. Sex ratio, growth performance, and gonadal traits were then evaluated. Treatment duration significantly influenced all assessed parameters at equivalent MT doses, whereas dose-dependent effects within the same exposure period were limited to body depth and gonadal weight. The 10&#xa0;mg/kg MT treatment administered for 30&#xa0;days yielded the highest masculinization efficiency, producing 83.3% phenotypic males. These results demonstrate that lower MT doses combined with shorter exposure periods can efficiently induce phenotypic masculinization in <i>A. lacustris</i>. This protocol provides a practical foundation for future studies aimed at evaluating the feasibility of neomale-based strategies for all-female production in freshwater aquaculture.</p>

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Optimizing 17α-methyltestosterone dose and exposure time for masculinization of yellowtail tetra (Astyanax lacustris)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Renata da Silva Farias,
  • Karolayne Ribeiro da Silva Oliveira,
  • Bruno César Nascimento Ramos da Silva,
  • Marcele Trajano de Araújo,
  • Dijaci Araújo Ferreira,
  • Valdemiro Amaro da Silva Júnior,
  • Maria Raquel Moura Coimbra

摘要

The fact that the yellowtail tetra (Astyanax lacustris) exhibits sexual dimorphism in growth, with females typically outperforming males, has led to increased interest in sex control strategies for monosex production. This study aimed to refine a dietary masculinization protocol using 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) to induce phenotypic masculinization. Fish were fed diets containing 0, 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg MT for either 30 or 60 days, followed by rearing on a hormone-free diet until 212 days post-hatch. Sex ratio, growth performance, and gonadal traits were then evaluated. Treatment duration significantly influenced all assessed parameters at equivalent MT doses, whereas dose-dependent effects within the same exposure period were limited to body depth and gonadal weight. The 10 mg/kg MT treatment administered for 30 days yielded the highest masculinization efficiency, producing 83.3% phenotypic males. These results demonstrate that lower MT doses combined with shorter exposure periods can efficiently induce phenotypic masculinization in A. lacustris. This protocol provides a practical foundation for future studies aimed at evaluating the feasibility of neomale-based strategies for all-female production in freshwater aquaculture.