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<p>Seahorse hatcheries struggle with early intestinal health and unstable water quality during early rearing. We tested whether waterborne added to the culture water with the photosynthetic probiotic <i>Afifella marina</i> (0, 25, 50, 100&#xa0;ppm; applied every 2&#xa0;days) improves performance of juvenile <i>Hippocampus abdominalis</i>. In a 40-day trial (<i>n</i> = 2,400; 12 tanks), groups receiving <i>A. marina</i> showed higher survival (Group G: 11.17 ± 1.16% vs. Control: 4.83 ± 0.29%), faster growth, greater condition factor, and lower feed conversion ratio (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Digestive enzyme activities (protease, amylase, lipase) and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, CAT) increased significantly in all supplemented groups; activities plateaued between 50 and 100&#xa0;ppm. Water chemistry improved with supplementation, with NH₄⁺-N and NO₂⁻-N reduced (Group G: 0.026 ± 0.001 vs. Control: 0.040 ± 0.001; 0.17 ± 0.01 vs. 0.30 ± 0.01, respectively) and dissolved oxygen elevated (mg L⁻<sup>1</sup>: Control 4.10 ± 0.10; 25&#xa0;ppm 5.03 ± 0.058; 50&#xa0;ppm 5.57 ± 0.58; 100&#xa0;ppm 6.10 ± 0.11). 16S rRNA sequencing indicated a compositional shift of gut microbiota with no change in α-diversity, consistent with reduced environmental stress and enhanced physiological capacity for exogenous feeding. Benefits were dose-responsive, with 100&#xa0;ppm generally outperforming 50 and 25&#xa0;ppm. These results identify direct water application of <i>A. marina</i> as a practical, scalable strategy to support first-feed transition where species-specific starter diets are lacking. Future work should refine cost-effective dosing and link microbiome functions to host metabolism to optimize hatchery protocols for <i>H. abdominalis</i>.</p>

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Effects of adding Afifella marina on growth performance, intestinal health, and microbial community of juvenile Hippocampus abdominalis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月7日

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  • Shuai Liang,
  • Kai-Hua Geng,
  • Yi Zhang,
  • Ya-Juan Wang,
  • Tian-Yu Lu,
  • Tian Lan,
  • Ya-Nan Lu,
  • Yuan Wang,
  • Jing Gu,
  • Yu-Ting Cong,
  • Li Wang,
  • Lian-Shun Wang,
  • Guo-Jun Yang,
  • Hua Wang

摘要

Seahorse hatcheries struggle with early intestinal health and unstable water quality during early rearing. We tested whether waterborne added to the culture water with the photosynthetic probiotic Afifella marina (0, 25, 50, 100 ppm; applied every 2 days) improves performance of juvenile Hippocampus abdominalis. In a 40-day trial (n = 2,400; 12 tanks), groups receiving A. marina showed higher survival (Group G: 11.17 ± 1.16% vs. Control: 4.83 ± 0.29%), faster growth, greater condition factor, and lower feed conversion ratio (all P < 0.05). Digestive enzyme activities (protease, amylase, lipase) and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, CAT) increased significantly in all supplemented groups; activities plateaued between 50 and 100 ppm. Water chemistry improved with supplementation, with NH₄⁺-N and NO₂⁻-N reduced (Group G: 0.026 ± 0.001 vs. Control: 0.040 ± 0.001; 0.17 ± 0.01 vs. 0.30 ± 0.01, respectively) and dissolved oxygen elevated (mg L⁻1: Control 4.10 ± 0.10; 25 ppm 5.03 ± 0.058; 50 ppm 5.57 ± 0.58; 100 ppm 6.10 ± 0.11). 16S rRNA sequencing indicated a compositional shift of gut microbiota with no change in α-diversity, consistent with reduced environmental stress and enhanced physiological capacity for exogenous feeding. Benefits were dose-responsive, with 100 ppm generally outperforming 50 and 25 ppm. These results identify direct water application of A. marina as a practical, scalable strategy to support first-feed transition where species-specific starter diets are lacking. Future work should refine cost-effective dosing and link microbiome functions to host metabolism to optimize hatchery protocols for H. abdominalis.