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<p><i>Clostridium butyricum</i>&#xa0;(CB) has attracted significant scientific investigation in recent years due to its multifaceted probiotic properties. In this 56-day feeding trial, <i>Pelophylax nigromaculatus</i>&#xa0;were fed graded dietary supplementation of CB&#xa0;at six incremental doses: 0 (control, CB0), 1 × 10<sup>5</sup> (CB1), 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> (CB2), 1 × 10<sup>7</sup> (CB3), 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> (CB4), and 1 × 10<sup>9</sup> (CB5) CFU/g feed. The results demonstrated that the CB3 and CB4 groups exhibited significantly improved growth metrics and optimized feed efficiency. These improvements were potentially attributable to elevated activities of key digestive enzymes (α-amylase and trypsin) and improved intestinal morphology. Furthermore, intestinal health was markedly strengthened, as evidenced by increased activities of immunomodulatory enzymes (alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase), reduced serum markers of intestinal permeability (diamine oxidase, D-lactic acid), and alleviated oxidative stress. Moreover, CB administration markedly reshaped the gut microbial structure, leading to a substantial increase in beneficial bacteria (<i>Bacteroides</i>, <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Parabacteroides</i>, and <i>Lactococcus lactis</i>) and a reduction in pathogenic genera such as <i>Streptococcus</i> and <i>Corynebacterium</i>. This microbial remodeling was accompanied by a significant elevation in microbial-derived metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids, indoles, and bile acids. Transcriptomic analysis suggested that these changes correlated with the upregulation of key genes involved in tight junction integrity pathways, while also contributing to the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cascades such as the complement and coagulation pathways. Collectively, our results indicate that dietary CB supplementation promotes growth and enhances intestinal health in <i>P. nigromaculatus</i>. The beneficial effects appear to be mediated through a coordinated microbiota–metabolite–host transcriptome interaction, which improved barrier function, nutrient assimilation, and immune homeostasis.</p>

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Multi-omics elucidates the role of dietary Clostridium butyricum in modulating gut health of Pelophylax nigromaculatus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Yuqi Luo,
  • Xinya Jiang,
  • Haisheng Xu

摘要

Clostridium butyricum (CB) has attracted significant scientific investigation in recent years due to its multifaceted probiotic properties. In this 56-day feeding trial, Pelophylax nigromaculatus were fed graded dietary supplementation of CB at six incremental doses: 0 (control, CB0), 1 × 105 (CB1), 1 × 106 (CB2), 1 × 107 (CB3), 1 × 108 (CB4), and 1 × 109 (CB5) CFU/g feed. The results demonstrated that the CB3 and CB4 groups exhibited significantly improved growth metrics and optimized feed efficiency. These improvements were potentially attributable to elevated activities of key digestive enzymes (α-amylase and trypsin) and improved intestinal morphology. Furthermore, intestinal health was markedly strengthened, as evidenced by increased activities of immunomodulatory enzymes (alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase), reduced serum markers of intestinal permeability (diamine oxidase, D-lactic acid), and alleviated oxidative stress. Moreover, CB administration markedly reshaped the gut microbial structure, leading to a substantial increase in beneficial bacteria (Bacteroides, Bacillus, Parabacteroides, and Lactococcus lactis) and a reduction in pathogenic genera such as Streptococcus and Corynebacterium. This microbial remodeling was accompanied by a significant elevation in microbial-derived metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids, indoles, and bile acids. Transcriptomic analysis suggested that these changes correlated with the upregulation of key genes involved in tight junction integrity pathways, while also contributing to the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cascades such as the complement and coagulation pathways. Collectively, our results indicate that dietary CB supplementation promotes growth and enhances intestinal health in P. nigromaculatus. The beneficial effects appear to be mediated through a coordinated microbiota–metabolite–host transcriptome interaction, which improved barrier function, nutrient assimilation, and immune homeostasis.