Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and copper on intestinal tissue structure, biochemical indexes, and intestinal microflora of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)

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发表日期：

2025年12月18日

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Jian Xu,
Guangpeng Feng,
Ze Qin,
Yunzhi Yan

摘要

The combined toxic effects of nanoplastics (NPs) and heavy metals on aquatic organisms have attracted widespread attention. The mechanism of the effects of combined exposure to NPs and Cu²⁺ on crustaceans remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of NPs and Cu²⁺ on the antioxidant capacity, immune response, and gut microbiota of Eriocheir sinensis. Both NPs and Cu²⁺ exposures disrupted the morphological integrity of the gut tissues of E. sinensis. Both combined exposures increased the levels of intestinal antioxidant indices (SOD, CAT, GSH, and MDA) and hemolymphatic enzyme activity indices (TP, ALP, ALT, AST, CK, and LDH) compared to NPs and Cu²⁺ single exposure. The results of intestinal flora showed that NPs and Cu²⁺ exposure increased harmful bacteria. Combined exposure reduced the abundance of Proteobacteria and Vibrio compared to NPs and Cu²⁺ single exposure. This study indicates that E. sinensis may regulate the combined toxicity of NPs and Cu²⁺ through alterations in the intestinal microbiota, providing a potential reference for elucidating the mechanisms of joint toxicity of NPs and Cu²⁺ in aquatic species.