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<p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary <i>Sanghuangporus vaninii</i> on growth performance and the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) expression in Chinese soft-shelled turtle (<i>Pelodiscus sinensis</i>). Juvenile turtles (2.91 ± 0.004&#xa0;g) were divided into four groups and fed the diets without (Control) or with 10 (SH10), 30 (SH30), 50 (SH50) g/kg <i>S. vaninii</i>. The feeding lasted for 30&#xa0;days. The results showed that no significant differences in growth parameters were observed among groups at day 10. However, by day 20, both SH30 and SH50 groups exhibited lower weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate (SGR) compared to the Control group (<i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>). By day 30, these growth parameters displayed a trend toward significant differences (<i>0.05</i> &lt; <i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.1</i>). Blood biochemical analysis demonstrated lower triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in all <i>S. vaninii</i> groups versus the Control group (<i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>), though glucose levels remained consistent. In the SH50 group, histological evaluation indicated fewer fat vacuoles and increased intercellular gaps in the liver, and shorter villi and enlarged lamina propria in the intestine. In the liver and intestine, RIG-I mRNA transcription levels were downregulated in all <i>S. vaninii</i> groups compared to the Control (<i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>). Similar trends were observed in spleen (SH30, SH50) and gonadal tissues (SH50). Western blotting and immunofluorescence confirmed reduced RIG-I protein expression in <i>S. vaninii</i> groups, with SH50 exhibiting the weakest signals. LGP2 expression was also lower in treated groups across multiple tissues (<i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>). In conclusion, dietary <i>S. vaninii</i> at 10&#xa0;g/kg had no effect on growth, while dietary <i>S. vaninii</i> at 30 and 50&#xa0;g/kg may temporarily inhibit growth. Moreover, dietary <i>S. vaninii</i> showed potential to suppress RLR signaling pathway during immune stress. Therefore, the optimal dietary inclusion level of <i>S. vaninii</i> for Chinese soft-shelled turtles should be determined by balancing growth performance with modulation of RLR signaling pathway.</p>

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Growth performance and RIG-I-like receptor expression modulation by dietary Sanghuangporus vaninii in juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • Yirong Wu,
  • Tianxin Zhuang,
  • Lingli Jiang,
  • Shufeng Jin,
  • Xuechen Zhang,
  • Chenxi Shao,
  • Wei Sun,
  • Chutian Ge,
  • Youling Gao

摘要

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary Sanghuangporus vaninii on growth performance and the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) expression in Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis). Juvenile turtles (2.91 ± 0.004 g) were divided into four groups and fed the diets without (Control) or with 10 (SH10), 30 (SH30), 50 (SH50) g/kg S. vaninii. The feeding lasted for 30 days. The results showed that no significant differences in growth parameters were observed among groups at day 10. However, by day 20, both SH30 and SH50 groups exhibited lower weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate (SGR) compared to the Control group (P < 0.05). By day 30, these growth parameters displayed a trend toward significant differences (0.05 < P < 0.1). Blood biochemical analysis demonstrated lower triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in all S. vaninii groups versus the Control group (P < 0.05), though glucose levels remained consistent. In the SH50 group, histological evaluation indicated fewer fat vacuoles and increased intercellular gaps in the liver, and shorter villi and enlarged lamina propria in the intestine. In the liver and intestine, RIG-I mRNA transcription levels were downregulated in all S. vaninii groups compared to the Control (P < 0.05). Similar trends were observed in spleen (SH30, SH50) and gonadal tissues (SH50). Western blotting and immunofluorescence confirmed reduced RIG-I protein expression in S. vaninii groups, with SH50 exhibiting the weakest signals. LGP2 expression was also lower in treated groups across multiple tissues (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary S. vaninii at 10 g/kg had no effect on growth, while dietary S. vaninii at 30 and 50 g/kg may temporarily inhibit growth. Moreover, dietary S. vaninii showed potential to suppress RLR signaling pathway during immune stress. Therefore, the optimal dietary inclusion level of S. vaninii for Chinese soft-shelled turtles should be determined by balancing growth performance with modulation of RLR signaling pathway.