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<p>Intensive aquaculture consumes high amounts of plant-based feed. Unfortunately, this practice increases the risk of aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>) accumulation in fish tissues, impacting their physiological status. The ability of dietary silymarin to mitigate dietary AFB<sub>1</sub> (122.4 ppb) was investigated for 84 days in eight experimental groups: Sil-0 (control, uncontaminated feed), Sil-0.5 (0.5 g/kg), Sil-1 (1 g/kg), Sil-1.5 (1.5 mg/kg), AFB<sub>1</sub>+Sil-0, AFB<sub>1</sub>+Sil-0.5, AFB<sub>1</sub>+Sil-1, and AFB<sub>1</sub>+Sil-1.5. AFB<sub>1</sub> residue in the fish liver of AFB<sub>1</sub>+Sil-0 was 0.86 ppb, while dietary silymarin decreased the residues in the hepatic tissues of AFB<sub>1</sub>+Sil-0.5, AFB<sub>1</sub>+Sil-1, and AFB<sub>1</sub>+Sil-1.5 to 0.64, 0.37, and 0.22 ppb, respectively. Meanwhile, trace residues were found in muscle tissues regardless of AFB<sub>1</sub> levels. Results showed that dietary AFB<sub>1</sub> caused a decline in growth performance and blood indices (RBCs, WBCs, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, and MCHC) as well as a decline in lipid profile and serum proteins TP, ALB, and GLO, indicating malnutrition of Nile tilapia. The liver enzymes AST and ALT were up-regulated in response to dietary AFB<sub>1</sub>. Regarding <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> infection, fish that received AFB<sub>1</sub> showed high mortality (MR%) and re-isolation (RI%) rates. It also resulted in a weak response to oxytetracycline (OTC) treatment, with high MR%. These effects partially subsided after receiving dietary silymarin, especially Sil-1 (1 g/kg). It is recommended that AFB<sub>1</sub> residues be monitored periodically before oxytetracycline treatment in case of bacterial infection.</p>

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Silymarin enhances the performance of Nile tilapia fed an aflatoxin B1-contaminated diet

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Nourhan A. Haggag,
  • Mohamed Elbadawy,
  • Ashraf ElKomy,
  • Ahmed H. Sherif

摘要

Intensive aquaculture consumes high amounts of plant-based feed. Unfortunately, this practice increases the risk of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) accumulation in fish tissues, impacting their physiological status. The ability of dietary silymarin to mitigate dietary AFB1 (122.4 ppb) was investigated for 84 days in eight experimental groups: Sil-0 (control, uncontaminated feed), Sil-0.5 (0.5 g/kg), Sil-1 (1 g/kg), Sil-1.5 (1.5 mg/kg), AFB1+Sil-0, AFB1+Sil-0.5, AFB1+Sil-1, and AFB1+Sil-1.5. AFB1 residue in the fish liver of AFB1+Sil-0 was 0.86 ppb, while dietary silymarin decreased the residues in the hepatic tissues of AFB1+Sil-0.5, AFB1+Sil-1, and AFB1+Sil-1.5 to 0.64, 0.37, and 0.22 ppb, respectively. Meanwhile, trace residues were found in muscle tissues regardless of AFB1 levels. Results showed that dietary AFB1 caused a decline in growth performance and blood indices (RBCs, WBCs, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, and MCHC) as well as a decline in lipid profile and serum proteins TP, ALB, and GLO, indicating malnutrition of Nile tilapia. The liver enzymes AST and ALT were up-regulated in response to dietary AFB1. Regarding Streptococcus agalactiae infection, fish that received AFB1 showed high mortality (MR%) and re-isolation (RI%) rates. It also resulted in a weak response to oxytetracycline (OTC) treatment, with high MR%. These effects partially subsided after receiving dietary silymarin, especially Sil-1 (1 g/kg). It is recommended that AFB1 residues be monitored periodically before oxytetracycline treatment in case of bacterial infection.