Utilization of mixotrophically grown microalgae Thalassiosira sp. to increase the growth and health performance of Pacific white shrimp larvae (Penaeus vannamei)
摘要
Thalassiosira sp. is a microalga that is used as live food for shrimp larvae. This study evaluated the mixotrophic cultivation with different organic carbon sources to enhance the growth and health of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) larvae. The study had two stages: first, optimizing Thalassiosira sp. mixotrophic cultivation using different carbon sources (molasses, glucose, and fructose) at three concentrations (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 g L⁻1) under two lighting conditions (24-h light period, 12-h dark/period); and second, testing the best treatments (M25/molasses 0.25 mg L⁻1, G25/glucose 0.25 mg L⁻1, and F25/fructose 0.25 mg L⁻1) as live food for shrimp larvae, with autotrophic culture as a control. The results showed that the organic carbon type and concentration significantly affected diatom density, protein content, and lipid content (p < 0.05). Larvae fed diatoms under mixothropic cultivation had higher survival and growth than the control, with the best performance in F25 (survival 48.61 ± 2.23%, SGR 9.33 ± 0.21% mm day⁻1). In conclusion, Thalassiosira sp. cultivated with 0.25 g L⁻1 fructose under 12-h dark/light period conditions can effectively serve as live food for P. vannamei larvae.