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<p>Plant‐based functional feed additives represent a green alternative to antibiotics in shrimp aquaculture, but little comparative data are available on tropical leaf diets. Post-larvae <i>Penaeus monodon</i> (PL 15–20; 30 shrimp tank<sup>1</sup>) were reared for 49&#xa0;days on the basal diet alone and the identical diet supplemented with 1, 2.5, or 5% papaya <i>Carica papaya</i>, guava <i>Psidium guajava</i>, and sweet potato <i>Ipomoea batatas</i> leaf powder (nine diets). Growth, feed utilization, survival, and non-specific immunity (hemocyte count, clotting time) were recorded. Disease resistance was challenged in a 14-day immersion test with <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> (10⁷ CFU mL⁻<sup>1</sup>). Guava 5% showed the highest final weight (4.43 ± 0.013&#xa0;g), specific growth rate (8.49 ± 0.04% day⁻<sup>1</sup>), and the lowest FCR (0.89 ± 0.02). Guava 2.5% showed the lowest cumulative mortality (30%) when challenged with bacteria and maintained the maximum total hemocyte count (~5 × 10⁷ cells mL⁻<sup>1</sup>). Papaya 5% promoted enhanced weight gain (8.30 ± 0.03% day⁻<sup>1</sup>) and survival (88%), and sweet potato effects were moderate. Water quality parameters were kept within optimal ranges during treatments. Inclusion of 2.5–5% guava leaf powder in diets improved growth efficiency and natural immunity of <i>P. monodon</i> markedly over papaya and sweet potato leaf meals. Therefore, tropical guava leaves symbolize a low-cost, locally available functional food that can potentially reduce shrimp aquaculture’s reliance on antibiotics.</p>

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Functional plant-based feed additives for shrimp: evaluating the role of phytochemicals from tropical leaves on growth, feed efficiency, and disease resistance in P. monodon

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月11日

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  • Nabila Nusrat,
  • Ayshwaria Mutsuddy,
  • Sheikh AftabUddin,
  • Mohammed Ashraful Azam Khan,
  • Mohammad Abdul Momin Siddique

摘要

Plant‐based functional feed additives represent a green alternative to antibiotics in shrimp aquaculture, but little comparative data are available on tropical leaf diets. Post-larvae Penaeus monodon (PL 15–20; 30 shrimp tank1) were reared for 49 days on the basal diet alone and the identical diet supplemented with 1, 2.5, or 5% papaya Carica papaya, guava Psidium guajava, and sweet potato Ipomoea batatas leaf powder (nine diets). Growth, feed utilization, survival, and non-specific immunity (hemocyte count, clotting time) were recorded. Disease resistance was challenged in a 14-day immersion test with Vibrio parahaemolyticus (10⁷ CFU mL⁻1). Guava 5% showed the highest final weight (4.43 ± 0.013 g), specific growth rate (8.49 ± 0.04% day⁻1), and the lowest FCR (0.89 ± 0.02). Guava 2.5% showed the lowest cumulative mortality (30%) when challenged with bacteria and maintained the maximum total hemocyte count (~5 × 10⁷ cells mL⁻1). Papaya 5% promoted enhanced weight gain (8.30 ± 0.03% day⁻1) and survival (88%), and sweet potato effects were moderate. Water quality parameters were kept within optimal ranges during treatments. Inclusion of 2.5–5% guava leaf powder in diets improved growth efficiency and natural immunity of P. monodon markedly over papaya and sweet potato leaf meals. Therefore, tropical guava leaves symbolize a low-cost, locally available functional food that can potentially reduce shrimp aquaculture’s reliance on antibiotics.