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<p><i>Fusarium incarnatum</i> is an emerging pathogenic fungus capable of infecting both plants and aquatic organisms, including the shortfin eel (<i>Anguilla bicolor</i>), a highly valuable aquaculture commodity. In December 2023, a cotton-like fungal infection was observed in elver-stage shortfin eels reared in a closed aquaculture system in Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia. The fungus was successfully cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA), exhibiting septate hyaline hyphae and forming conidiospores and chlamydospores. Molecular identification using the EF1-α gene revealed 99.42% similarity with <i>F. incarnatum</i>, and phylogenetic analysis clustered the isolate within the <i>Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti</i> species complex (FIESC) group. Histopathological analysis showed severe epidermal and skeletal muscle damage in the infected fish. The fungus exhibited a broad temperature tolerance (15–35°C), with optimal growth at 25°C. The fungus exhibited a broad temperature tolerance (15–35 °C), with optimal growth observed at 25 °C. It also remained capable of growth at salinity levels of 35 g/L and higher, suggesting its potential for widespread infection in both freshwater and marine environments. In vivo experiments revealed that fungal growth was effectively inhibited by copper sulfate (CuSO<sub>4</sub>) at a concentration of 10 mg/L and by the application of <i>Trichoderma</i> sp. These findings offer new insights into <i>F. incarnatum</i> infections in shortfin eels, contributing to the advancement of preventive strategies against future fungal outbreaks in shortfin eels and other aquaculture species.</p>

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Characterization of Fusarium incarnatum as a causal pathogen in farmed shortfin eel (Anguilla bicolor): A case study from Indonesia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月15日

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  • Ekky Ilham Romadhona,
  • Yohanes Pamungkas Bawono,
  • Arif Rahmat Ardiansyah,
  • Ratu Siti Aliah,
  • Handang Widantara,
  • Aslia Aslia,
  • Iding Chaidir,
  • Sutanti Sutanti,
  • Novi Megawati,
  • Kiki Mariya Dewi,
  • Annisa Fitri Larassagita,
  • Muhamad Kholik Firmansyah,
  • Wisnu Sujatmiko,
  • Dedy Yaniharto

摘要

Fusarium incarnatum is an emerging pathogenic fungus capable of infecting both plants and aquatic organisms, including the shortfin eel (Anguilla bicolor), a highly valuable aquaculture commodity. In December 2023, a cotton-like fungal infection was observed in elver-stage shortfin eels reared in a closed aquaculture system in Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia. The fungus was successfully cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA), exhibiting septate hyaline hyphae and forming conidiospores and chlamydospores. Molecular identification using the EF1-α gene revealed 99.42% similarity with F. incarnatum, and phylogenetic analysis clustered the isolate within the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) group. Histopathological analysis showed severe epidermal and skeletal muscle damage in the infected fish. The fungus exhibited a broad temperature tolerance (15–35°C), with optimal growth at 25°C. The fungus exhibited a broad temperature tolerance (15–35 °C), with optimal growth observed at 25 °C. It also remained capable of growth at salinity levels of 35 g/L and higher, suggesting its potential for widespread infection in both freshwater and marine environments. In vivo experiments revealed that fungal growth was effectively inhibited by copper sulfate (CuSO4) at a concentration of 10 mg/L and by the application of Trichoderma sp. These findings offer new insights into F. incarnatum infections in shortfin eels, contributing to the advancement of preventive strategies against future fungal outbreaks in shortfin eels and other aquaculture species.