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<p>Little research has been conducted on the toxicity of aluminium oxide nanoparticles (Al-NPs) on aquatic organisms. In this context, the purpose of this study was to determine some mechanistic pathways underlying the toxicological impact of Al-NPs on growth performance, oxidative status, some pro-inflammatory gene expression, and the histological alterations in the gills and liver of Nile tilapia fish (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>). In addition, the beneficial role of two different doses of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) dietary supplementation in antagonizing these effects was studied. Fish (<i>n = </i>180) were allotted into six groups: Control, 10 mg/L Al-NPs, 1 mg/kg Se-NPs + 10 mg/L Al-NPs, 2.5 mg/kg Se-NPs + 10 mg/L Al-NPs, 1 mg/kg Se-NPs, and 2.5 mg/kg Se-NPs for 28 days. Findings revealed that Al-NPs caused a substantial decrease (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) in growth indices (weight gain and feed efficiency ratio), plus oxidative damage demonstrated by decreased glutathione levels from 230.2 μM/g tissue to 130.1 μM/g tissue in liver tissue and from 260.4 μM/g tissue to 129.2 μM/g tissue in the gills. The levels of malondialdehyde elevated in the liver from 31,316.6 μM/g tissue to 48,180 μM/g tissue and in the gills from 16,650.3 μM/g tissue to 34,266.6 μM/g tissue along with the overexpression of pro-inflammatory genes, such as <i>Tumor Necrosis Factor-β</i> to 7.28-fold and 7.61-fold and <i>Interleukin-1β</i> to 9.54-fold and 8.08-fold in the gills and liver tissue, respectively. The dietary supplementation of both low and high doses of Se-NPs significantly (P &lt; 0.05) reduced these negative impacts of Al-NPs, with the high dose having more noticeable mitigative effects. Furthermore, Al-NPs induced severe hepatocellular vacuolization, congestion and dilatation of the central veins and hepatic sinusoids, gill hyperplasia, and extensive fusion of secondary lamellae with massive inflammatory cell infiltration. This suggests that Se-NPs have growth-promotive, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties in fish that encourage their usage as a great supplement to the fish diet.</p>

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The mitigative effect of selenium nanoparticles against aluminium nanoparticle toxicity in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): growth performance, antioxidant status, gene expression, and histopathological changes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月15日

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  • Ola Hasan Abd El Megeed,
  • Mohamed M. Mabrouk,
  • Ahmed G. A. Gewida,
  • Moaheda E. H. Eissa,
  • Noha A. E. Yasin,
  • Walaa S. Gado,
  • Maha M. Rashad,
  • Ghada E. Ali

摘要

Little research has been conducted on the toxicity of aluminium oxide nanoparticles (Al-NPs) on aquatic organisms. In this context, the purpose of this study was to determine some mechanistic pathways underlying the toxicological impact of Al-NPs on growth performance, oxidative status, some pro-inflammatory gene expression, and the histological alterations in the gills and liver of Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). In addition, the beneficial role of two different doses of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) dietary supplementation in antagonizing these effects was studied. Fish (n = 180) were allotted into six groups: Control, 10 mg/L Al-NPs, 1 mg/kg Se-NPs + 10 mg/L Al-NPs, 2.5 mg/kg Se-NPs + 10 mg/L Al-NPs, 1 mg/kg Se-NPs, and 2.5 mg/kg Se-NPs for 28 days. Findings revealed that Al-NPs caused a substantial decrease (P < 0.05) in growth indices (weight gain and feed efficiency ratio), plus oxidative damage demonstrated by decreased glutathione levels from 230.2 μM/g tissue to 130.1 μM/g tissue in liver tissue and from 260.4 μM/g tissue to 129.2 μM/g tissue in the gills. The levels of malondialdehyde elevated in the liver from 31,316.6 μM/g tissue to 48,180 μM/g tissue and in the gills from 16,650.3 μM/g tissue to 34,266.6 μM/g tissue along with the overexpression of pro-inflammatory genes, such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-β to 7.28-fold and 7.61-fold and Interleukin-1β to 9.54-fold and 8.08-fold in the gills and liver tissue, respectively. The dietary supplementation of both low and high doses of Se-NPs significantly (P < 0.05) reduced these negative impacts of Al-NPs, with the high dose having more noticeable mitigative effects. Furthermore, Al-NPs induced severe hepatocellular vacuolization, congestion and dilatation of the central veins and hepatic sinusoids, gill hyperplasia, and extensive fusion of secondary lamellae with massive inflammatory cell infiltration. This suggests that Se-NPs have growth-promotive, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties in fish that encourage their usage as a great supplement to the fish diet.