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<p>The culture of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>, a key species in global aquaculture, has expanded significantly, especially in regions utilizing saline-alkaline water resources. However, the impact of high pH and alkalinity on shrimp health remains a critical concern. This study investigates the molecular effects of combined high pH and alkalinity stress on shrimp, with a focus on apoptosis and immune response pathways. Using a combination of transcriptome sequencing, qPCR, and TUNEL staining, we analyzed gene expression changes in the hepatopancreas of shrimp exposed to four different environmental conditions: control, high pH, high alkalinity, and combined pH-alkalinity stress. The findings show that high pH and alkalinity stress led to the upregulation of key genes related to apoptosis (<i>casp3</i>, <i>casp9</i>, <i>bax</i>, <i>ask1</i>) and immune responses (<i>casp8</i>, <i>mapk14</i>, <i>rig-I</i>, <i>traf6</i>, <i>irf3</i>), significantly promoting cell death and enhancing immune response. These results highlight the detrimental effects of environmental stress on shrimp physiology, suggesting that high pH and alkalinity stress exacerbate apoptosis and immune dysfunction. This study offers important insights for the aquaculture industry, particularly for improving water quality management practices and ensuring the survival and productivity of shrimp in saline-alkaline environments. The findings contribute to the broader understanding of the physiological and molecular responses of aquaculture species to environmental stressors, with potential applications in optimizing shrimp farming practices.</p>

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Gene expression response patterns in the hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei under combined high pH and alkalinity stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月28日

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  • Ruiqi Zhang,
  • Xinyue Zhang,
  • Jintao Guo,
  • Xiang Shi

摘要

The culture of Litopenaeus vannamei, a key species in global aquaculture, has expanded significantly, especially in regions utilizing saline-alkaline water resources. However, the impact of high pH and alkalinity on shrimp health remains a critical concern. This study investigates the molecular effects of combined high pH and alkalinity stress on shrimp, with a focus on apoptosis and immune response pathways. Using a combination of transcriptome sequencing, qPCR, and TUNEL staining, we analyzed gene expression changes in the hepatopancreas of shrimp exposed to four different environmental conditions: control, high pH, high alkalinity, and combined pH-alkalinity stress. The findings show that high pH and alkalinity stress led to the upregulation of key genes related to apoptosis (casp3, casp9, bax, ask1) and immune responses (casp8, mapk14, rig-I, traf6, irf3), significantly promoting cell death and enhancing immune response. These results highlight the detrimental effects of environmental stress on shrimp physiology, suggesting that high pH and alkalinity stress exacerbate apoptosis and immune dysfunction. This study offers important insights for the aquaculture industry, particularly for improving water quality management practices and ensuring the survival and productivity of shrimp in saline-alkaline environments. The findings contribute to the broader understanding of the physiological and molecular responses of aquaculture species to environmental stressors, with potential applications in optimizing shrimp farming practices.