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<p>This study investigated the effects of chronic ammonia exposure on the growth parameters, intestinal histology, and digestive enzyme activity of aquatic fish. Blunt snout bream, <i>Megalobrama amblycephala</i> juveniles, with 6.55 ± 0.24&#xa0;g were exposed to 0 (G1), 6.82 (G2), and 13.64&#xa0;mg/L (G3) NH<sub>4</sub>Cl (ammonium chloride) for 56&#xa0;days. Then, the intestinal enzyme activity and histological characteristics of blunt snout bream were analyzed using modern biological techniques. The results showed that chronic ammonia exposure significantly decreased the final body weight and specific growth rate of blunt snout bream (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The intestinal protease, lipase, amylase, CK, AKP, and γ-GT activities of blunt snout bream after chronic ammonia exposure significantly decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Meanwhile, the intestinal muscularis thickness and microvillus density of fish decreased as the increased ammonia concentration. The intestinal microvillus length of blunt snout bream after chronic ammonia exposure significantly reduced compared to the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, chronic ammonia exposure caused a significant down-regulated expression of <i>Occludin</i>, <i>ZO-1</i>, <i>Claudin-3c</i>, and <i>Claudin-7</i> mRNA in the intestine (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) but up-regulated the levels of <i>NF-κB</i>, <i>TNF-α</i>, <i>IL-1β</i>, and <i>IL-6</i> mRNA (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Overall, chronic ammonia exposure inhibited the growth and compromised the intestinal structure of fish.</p>

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Chronic ammonia exposure impairs the growth and intestinal function in juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月17日

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  • Xiangyang Yuan,
  • Han Zhang,
  • Qian Wang,
  • Xinyu Xiong,
  • Mengyang Dai,
  • Wenhui Ye,
  • Yifan Wang,
  • Canli Wang

摘要

This study investigated the effects of chronic ammonia exposure on the growth parameters, intestinal histology, and digestive enzyme activity of aquatic fish. Blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala juveniles, with 6.55 ± 0.24 g were exposed to 0 (G1), 6.82 (G2), and 13.64 mg/L (G3) NH4Cl (ammonium chloride) for 56 days. Then, the intestinal enzyme activity and histological characteristics of blunt snout bream were analyzed using modern biological techniques. The results showed that chronic ammonia exposure significantly decreased the final body weight and specific growth rate of blunt snout bream (p < 0.05). The intestinal protease, lipase, amylase, CK, AKP, and γ-GT activities of blunt snout bream after chronic ammonia exposure significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the intestinal muscularis thickness and microvillus density of fish decreased as the increased ammonia concentration. The intestinal microvillus length of blunt snout bream after chronic ammonia exposure significantly reduced compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, chronic ammonia exposure caused a significant down-regulated expression of Occludin, ZO-1, Claudin-3c, and Claudin-7 mRNA in the intestine (p < 0.05) but up-regulated the levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA (p < 0.05). Overall, chronic ammonia exposure inhibited the growth and compromised the intestinal structure of fish.