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<p>The profound reshaping of the international business (IB) landscape by digital technologies and disruptive business models has intensified scholarly debate over how international competitive advantages and disadvantages emerge in digital platform ecosystems (DPEs), how they travel across borders, and what capabilities architecture underpins such transfers. Drawing on internationalization theory, platform innovation ecosystem research, and dynamic capabilities (DCs), this study conducts a longitudinal, multi-case comparative analysis of DiDi’s expansion into Brazil, Mexico, Australia, and Japan. We uncover the dynamic evolution and underlying mechanisms of DPE transnational transfer. Our findings show that (1) DPE transnational transfer unfolds as a nonlinear, threshold-breaking process along three interdependent dimensions—complementors, users, and institutions; (2) DPE international expansion follows a three-stage strategic trajectory—technological integration, cross-compensation, and ecosystem synergy—through which platforms progressively reconstruct and localize ecosystem structures; and (3) Data-driven DCs, comprising data-driven sensing/seizing/transforming, underpin DPEs’ cross-border ecosystem reconstruction and upgrade cumulatively during internationalization. By advancing a temporally coupled and context-sensitive framework of DPEs internationalization, this research offers strategic insights and actionable guidance for ecosystem-driven global expansion.</p>

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Cross-border reconstruction and localization of digital platform ecosystems: the case of DiDi

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月9日

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  • Li Jing,
  • Ma Jingjing,
  • Jiang Zhangshijia,
  • Chen Yantai

摘要

The profound reshaping of the international business (IB) landscape by digital technologies and disruptive business models has intensified scholarly debate over how international competitive advantages and disadvantages emerge in digital platform ecosystems (DPEs), how they travel across borders, and what capabilities architecture underpins such transfers. Drawing on internationalization theory, platform innovation ecosystem research, and dynamic capabilities (DCs), this study conducts a longitudinal, multi-case comparative analysis of DiDi’s expansion into Brazil, Mexico, Australia, and Japan. We uncover the dynamic evolution and underlying mechanisms of DPE transnational transfer. Our findings show that (1) DPE transnational transfer unfolds as a nonlinear, threshold-breaking process along three interdependent dimensions—complementors, users, and institutions; (2) DPE international expansion follows a three-stage strategic trajectory—technological integration, cross-compensation, and ecosystem synergy—through which platforms progressively reconstruct and localize ecosystem structures; and (3) Data-driven DCs, comprising data-driven sensing/seizing/transforming, underpin DPEs’ cross-border ecosystem reconstruction and upgrade cumulatively during internationalization. By advancing a temporally coupled and context-sensitive framework of DPEs internationalization, this research offers strategic insights and actionable guidance for ecosystem-driven global expansion.