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<p>As one of the most widely cultivated edible mushrooms in the world, <i>Pleurotus</i> mushrooms are popular among people for their delicious taste and rich nutritional value. Because of their great economic value, the research on the molecular biology of <i>Pleurotus</i> spp. has been deepening in recent years. The study first summarized the current situation of genomic resources available for this genus. The whole genome sequencing of 14 species, including <i>Pleurotus tuoliensis</i> and <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>, provides reference data for mining functional genes. Although the genomic data for <i>Pleurotus</i> mushrooms are continuously increasing, actual instances of successful genetic transformation remain restricted. Research on the regulatory mechanisms of key genes at different developmental stages and under various environmental stresses is insufficient. Then, the application of gene editing methods (CRISPR/Cas9, RNAi, and gene overexpression) in <i>Pleurotus</i> mushrooms was systematically described. RNAi and gene overexpression technologies have become well-established and are routinely used in most <i>Pleurotus</i> mushrooms. However, the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology is still limited to <i>P. eryngii</i> and <i>P. ostreatus</i>.&#xa0; This limitation is attributed to the difficulties in establishing genetic transformation systems and the low efficiency of homologous recombination. Furthermore, this review explored the value of multi-omics technologies in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of morphogenesis and stress responses. To address the lack of specific antibodies for non-model organisms, we evaluated the application potential of DAP-seq technology in <i>Pleurotus</i> mushrooms and discussed its limitations, including the risk of false positives arising from the absence of a genuine environment&#xa0;in vivo. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current molecular biology research on <i>Pleurotus</i> spp., and to provide systematic technical support and insights for functional genomics research and the analysis of molecular mechanisms of complex traits in <i>Pleurotus</i> mushrooms.</p>

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Molecular biology of Pleurotus mushrooms: genomic resources, genetic manipulation, and regulation mechanisms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月15日

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  • Lina Qin,
  • Dongmei Liu,
  • Zhilong Wang,
  • Xueyan Sun,
  • Xihong Zhao

摘要

As one of the most widely cultivated edible mushrooms in the world, Pleurotus mushrooms are popular among people for their delicious taste and rich nutritional value. Because of their great economic value, the research on the molecular biology of Pleurotus spp. has been deepening in recent years. The study first summarized the current situation of genomic resources available for this genus. The whole genome sequencing of 14 species, including Pleurotus tuoliensis and Pleurotus ostreatus, provides reference data for mining functional genes. Although the genomic data for Pleurotus mushrooms are continuously increasing, actual instances of successful genetic transformation remain restricted. Research on the regulatory mechanisms of key genes at different developmental stages and under various environmental stresses is insufficient. Then, the application of gene editing methods (CRISPR/Cas9, RNAi, and gene overexpression) in Pleurotus mushrooms was systematically described. RNAi and gene overexpression technologies have become well-established and are routinely used in most Pleurotus mushrooms. However, the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology is still limited to P. eryngii and P. ostreatus.  This limitation is attributed to the difficulties in establishing genetic transformation systems and the low efficiency of homologous recombination. Furthermore, this review explored the value of multi-omics technologies in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of morphogenesis and stress responses. To address the lack of specific antibodies for non-model organisms, we evaluated the application potential of DAP-seq technology in Pleurotus mushrooms and discussed its limitations, including the risk of false positives arising from the absence of a genuine environment in vivo. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current molecular biology research on Pleurotus spp., and to provide systematic technical support and insights for functional genomics research and the analysis of molecular mechanisms of complex traits in Pleurotus mushrooms.