<p>Existing MCDM techniques often treat the sub-criteria of a single criterion as independent criteria when computing the criterion weights, thereby losing their individual characteristics. In this article, a double-layer weight determination concept is developed using a method based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC) approach to overcome the loss of individuality. The double-fold MEREC is first unfolded to independently assess the weights of sub-criteria within each criterion, reflecting the significance of each sub-criterion, and second to determine the criterion weights from the accumulated decision matrix. The neutrosophic set-based uncertainty representation for the Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to the COmpromise Solution (MARCOS) approach is developed to rank alternatives in uncertain multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems. The recommended technique is employed to examine the sustainability of health insurance provider(s) (HIPs) from an Indian perspective. The proposed concept of double-fold weight determination is compared with single MEREC on neutrosophic MARCOS to assess the disparities in the ranking order. A collection of alternative decisions is offered to test the diverse decision-making situations by changing the criterion weights. The double-fold MEREC provides approximately 14% wider range of performance measures than the single MEREC, facilitating the DM in providing more stable and credible rankings.</p>