<p>An autonomous, intelligent farming approach is essential to meet the food requirements of a growing population and achieve sustainable development goals while providing effective solutions to manage waste. In this context, this study introduces a novel circular agricultural supply chain system based on Industry 4.0 principles with effective waste management. This study investigates how the freshness index influences demand and determines the optimal investments in agri-tech, robotic harvesting, and emission-reduction technologies for an integrated circular strawberry greenhouse farm and its supply chain. The assumptions are built around investments in innovative technologies and a demand function driven by the freshness index. Based on these assumptions, a mathematical model is developed for both partial and backorder cases, and total profit functions are formulated with investments in agri-tech, robotic harvesting, and green technologies as decision variables. The concavity of the profit function is proven since all eigenvalues of the corresponding Hessian matrix are negative. As the profit function is highly non-linear, meta-heuristic algorithms are employed to maximize the total profit and obtain the optimal values of the decision variables. The concavity of the profit function is proven since all eigenvalues of the corresponding Hessian matrix are negative. Statistical tests were conducted to demonstrate the superiority of PSO over GA. Sensitivity analysis and managerial applications were performed for profit investigations. Optimal investments in advanced technologies were found to significantly reduce emissions and harvesting costs, increase the proportion of high-quality strawberries, and generate additional revenue through value-added products from collected waste. Overall, these efficient technologies enhanced profitability by improving quality and reducing costs, even at relatively lower investment levels. The practical implementation of the model is demonstrated in a strawberry greenhouse farm and its supply chain, where robotic harvesting and isochoric freezing are employed to prevent fruit damage. This system ensures the production and delivery of high-quality strawberries with minimal emissions by making optimal investments in highly efficient smart technologies. Waste collected from customers in exchange for discounts is converted into value-added products, thereby generating additional revenue. The model can be further extended by incorporating additional innovative circular economy approaches, including the environmental footprint of IoT devices and drones, and optimized using novel hybrid metaheuristic algorithms.</p>