<p>In this paper, we investigate the existence and multiplicity of normalized solutions for the following fractional Schrödinger equations <Equation ID="Equ1"> <EquationNumber>(P)</EquationNumber> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10473_2025_510_Article_Equ1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="65" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="330" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{cases}(-\Delta)^{s} u+\lambda u=|u|^{p-2}u-|u|^{q-2}u,\ \ x\in \mathbb{R}^{N},\\ \displaystyle \int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}|u|^{2}{\rm d}x=c&gt;0,\\\end{cases}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mo>{</mo> <mtable columnalign="left left" columnspacing="1em" displaystyle="false" rowspacing=".2em"> <mtr> <mtd> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>u</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>u</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>u</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> </mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mstyle> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo fence="true" stretchy="true" /> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation> where <i>N</i> ≥ 2, <i>s</i> ∈ (0, 1), <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10473_2025_510_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="24" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="198" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2+{{4s}\over{N}}&lt;p&lt;q\leq 2_{s}^{*}={{2N}\over{N-2s}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <msubsup> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, (−Δ)<sup><i>s</i></sup> represents the fractional Laplacian operator of order <i>s</i>, and the frequency <i>λ</i> ∈ ℝ is unknown and appears as a Lagrange multiplier. Specifically, we show that there exists a ĉ &gt; 0 such that if <i>c</i> &gt; ĉ, then the problem (<i>P</i>) has at least two normalized solutions, including a normalized ground state solution and a mountain pass type solution. We mainly extend the results in [Commun Pure Appl Anal, 2022, 21: 4113–4145], which dealt with the problem (<i>P</i>) for the case <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10473_2025_510_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="136" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2&lt;p&lt;q&lt;2+{{4s}\over{N}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Multiple normalized solutions for fractional Schrödinger equations with competing power nonlinearity

  • Huifang Jia,
  • Chunjiang Zheng

摘要

In this paper, we investigate the existence and multiplicity of normalized solutions for the following fractional Schrödinger equations (P) \(\begin{cases}(-\Delta)^{s} u+\lambda u=|u|^{p-2}u-|u|^{q-2}u,\ \ x\in \mathbb{R}^{N},\\ \displaystyle \int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}|u|^{2}{\rm d}x=c>0,\\\end{cases}\) { ( Δ ) s u + λ u = | u | p 2 u | u | q 2 u , x R N , R N | u | 2 d x = c > 0 , where N ≥ 2, s ∈ (0, 1), \(2+{{4s}\over{N}}<p<q\leq 2_{s}^{*}={{2N}\over{N-2s}}\) 2 + 4 s N < p < q 2 s = 2 N N 2 s , (−Δ)s represents the fractional Laplacian operator of order s, and the frequency λ ∈ ℝ is unknown and appears as a Lagrange multiplier. Specifically, we show that there exists a ĉ > 0 such that if c > ĉ, then the problem (P) has at least two normalized solutions, including a normalized ground state solution and a mountain pass type solution. We mainly extend the results in [Commun Pure Appl Anal, 2022, 21: 4113–4145], which dealt with the problem (P) for the case \(2<p<q<2+{{4s}\over{N}}\) 2 < p < q < 2 + 4 s N .