<p>Land use and climate change are driving new fire regimes across Europe’s Mediterranean region. Food forests, a form of agroforestry designed to mimic forest structure while producing food, are increasingly being established in fire-prone landscapes. While food forests are often associated with ecosystem services that may contribute to wildfire resilience, little empirical research has examined how these systems interact with wildfire. To address this gap, we conducted semi-structured interviews and site assessments in 10 Portuguese food forests, focusing on wildfire-related experiences, management practices, vegetation characteristics, and an exploratory fuel model assessment. Interviewees reported diverse experiences with wildfire and a range of management practices intended to reduce vulnerability to fire. Food forest characteristics varied among sites, with established systems (&gt; 5&#xa0;years) exhibiting cooler, moister conditions and lower surface fuel accumulation than younger systems, where mulch and herbaceous vegetation were more common. Participants also identified management practices with potentially contrasting implications for wildfire resilience, including the use of compost, irrigation systems, prescribed burning, and eucalyptus. Comparison with the Scott and Burgan Fire Behavior Fuel Models indicated that these existing fuel model classifications were frequently unable to adequately capture the structural heterogeneity characteristic of food forests. This study provides a first empirical exploration of wildfire-related experiences, management practices, and site characteristics in Portuguese food forests. The findings highlight opportunities and challenges associated with managing food forests in fire-prone landscapes and identify priorities for future agroforestry and wildfire research.</p>