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<p>Agroforestry systems are increasingly recognized as providing multiple economic, ecological, and social benefits. These benefits have led to increases in agroforestry adoption across many regions of the world. Understanding which benefits lead producers to adopt agroforestry, or which challenges discourage adoption, is of critical importance to advance agroforestry implementation. This meta-analysis reviewed agroforestry adoption studies published between January 2000 and June 2024 and identified 94 observations from 76 econometric studies, encompassing research from 30 countries. Trends in number of publications, geographic focus, econometric models employed, and factors that influenced engagement with agroforestry were explored. Results show that most econometric studies analyzed were conducted in Africa, and the logit model was the preferred econometric approach. Of the 23 variables used in the meta-analysis to explore factors that influence engagement in agroforestry, only nine&#xa0;were found to be significant over 50% of the time. Variables most likely to predict agroforestry engagement were available labor, farmer knowledge of agroforestry or tree planting, and farmer contact with extension services. Findings from this study highlight the inconsistency in agroforestry definitions used globally, the complexity of the adoption process, and the inconsistency of variables used to predict agroforestry adoption across studies. The lack of predictive variables highlights the challenge of synthesizing agroforestry adoption data globally, where regional context, such as culture, policy, and geography have unique weight in the adoption process. Findings highlight the need for more regionally based analyses of agroforestry adoption.</p>

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Global agroforestry adoption: A meta-analysis of econometric-based studies

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Kelsi Stubblefield,
  • Zhen Cai,
  • Matthew M. Smith,
  • Sarah Lovell,
  • Mary Hendrickson

摘要

Agroforestry systems are increasingly recognized as providing multiple economic, ecological, and social benefits. These benefits have led to increases in agroforestry adoption across many regions of the world. Understanding which benefits lead producers to adopt agroforestry, or which challenges discourage adoption, is of critical importance to advance agroforestry implementation. This meta-analysis reviewed agroforestry adoption studies published between January 2000 and June 2024 and identified 94 observations from 76 econometric studies, encompassing research from 30 countries. Trends in number of publications, geographic focus, econometric models employed, and factors that influenced engagement with agroforestry were explored. Results show that most econometric studies analyzed were conducted in Africa, and the logit model was the preferred econometric approach. Of the 23 variables used in the meta-analysis to explore factors that influence engagement in agroforestry, only nine were found to be significant over 50% of the time. Variables most likely to predict agroforestry engagement were available labor, farmer knowledge of agroforestry or tree planting, and farmer contact with extension services. Findings from this study highlight the inconsistency in agroforestry definitions used globally, the complexity of the adoption process, and the inconsistency of variables used to predict agroforestry adoption across studies. The lack of predictive variables highlights the challenge of synthesizing agroforestry adoption data globally, where regional context, such as culture, policy, and geography have unique weight in the adoption process. Findings highlight the need for more regionally based analyses of agroforestry adoption.