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<p>This study aimed to identify the determinants of climate change adaptation strategies by smallholder coffee producers, South-western Ethiopia. Both primary and secondary data were collected from 383 randomly selected smallholder coffee producers using&#xa0;structured and semi-structured questionnaires. Qualitative data have been collected from KIIs and FGD, while quantitative data were collected from farm households. Both&#xa0;descriptive statistics and econometric techniques&#xa0;were employed for data analysis. Mean annual rainfall (1993–2023) shows a significant increasing trend across all study districts (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), ranging from 1188.02 to 1875.35&#xa0;mm. Sen’s slope estimates annual increases of 6.34, 2.28, 6.71, and 2.67&#xa0;mm in Goma, Limu Kosa, Yayu, and Hurumu, respectively, indicating rainfall over the past 31&#xa0;years. Results show that the predicted probabilities that coffee growers adopted tree planting, agroforestry, SWC, and crop diversification strategies were 61.96%, 52.87%, 58.55%, and 56.9%, respectively. The Multivariate probit model results indicate that the likelihood of coffee growers adopting tree planting was significantly influenced by age, access to credit, education level, and non-farm income. The adoption of agroforestry was significantly affected by the quantity of coffee produced, farm income, non-farm income, experience in coffee production, and land size. SWC adoption was significantly influenced by age, education level, quantity of coffee produced, extension contact, household size, experience in coffee production, and land size. For crop diversification, the likelihood of adoption was positively affected by education, land size, livestock holdings, non-farm income, farm income, and extension contact. The joint probability of success in adopting all four climate change adaptation strategies was 20.53%, while the probability of failure to adopt any strategy was 9.01%. With regards to the number of&#xa0; adaptation strategies practiced by farm households, single strategy adoptors constitute (18.73%), two (26.37%), three (37.85%) and 16.97% adopting all strategies. Therefore, it is essential for policymakers to actively support smallholder coffee producers in effectively implementing these climate adaptation strategies to minimize risks to coffee production.</p>

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Determinants of climate adaptation strategies by smallholder coffee growers in Southwestern Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Gemechu Degefa Yadeta,
  • Jema Haji Mohammed,
  • Desalegn Obsi Gemeda,
  • Wondimu Legesse Gemta

摘要

This study aimed to identify the determinants of climate change adaptation strategies by smallholder coffee producers, South-western Ethiopia. Both primary and secondary data were collected from 383 randomly selected smallholder coffee producers using structured and semi-structured questionnaires. Qualitative data have been collected from KIIs and FGD, while quantitative data were collected from farm households. Both descriptive statistics and econometric techniques were employed for data analysis. Mean annual rainfall (1993–2023) shows a significant increasing trend across all study districts (p ≤ 0.05), ranging from 1188.02 to 1875.35 mm. Sen’s slope estimates annual increases of 6.34, 2.28, 6.71, and 2.67 mm in Goma, Limu Kosa, Yayu, and Hurumu, respectively, indicating rainfall over the past 31 years. Results show that the predicted probabilities that coffee growers adopted tree planting, agroforestry, SWC, and crop diversification strategies were 61.96%, 52.87%, 58.55%, and 56.9%, respectively. The Multivariate probit model results indicate that the likelihood of coffee growers adopting tree planting was significantly influenced by age, access to credit, education level, and non-farm income. The adoption of agroforestry was significantly affected by the quantity of coffee produced, farm income, non-farm income, experience in coffee production, and land size. SWC adoption was significantly influenced by age, education level, quantity of coffee produced, extension contact, household size, experience in coffee production, and land size. For crop diversification, the likelihood of adoption was positively affected by education, land size, livestock holdings, non-farm income, farm income, and extension contact. The joint probability of success in adopting all four climate change adaptation strategies was 20.53%, while the probability of failure to adopt any strategy was 9.01%. With regards to the number of  adaptation strategies practiced by farm households, single strategy adoptors constitute (18.73%), two (26.37%), three (37.85%) and 16.97% adopting all strategies. Therefore, it is essential for policymakers to actively support smallholder coffee producers in effectively implementing these climate adaptation strategies to minimize risks to coffee production.