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<p>There is an urgent need to diversify global food systems to improve food security and increase resilience to climate change. Indigenous nut trees, such as <i>Canarium indicum</i>, have the potential to enhance food security and resilience, but these species are often understudied. <i>C. indicum</i> is native to the South Pacific and is becoming the basis of a growing nut industry. This species holds cultural significance in many Pacific islands. We conducted a study on the fruit development and abscission patterns of <i>C. indicum</i> trees. Our findings show that the fruit reaches full size 3–4&#xa0;months after flowering and matures 7–8&#xa0;months later, with a complete development cycle of 10–12&#xa0;months. Peak flowering occurs in July–August, earlier than previously reported in Papua New Guinea. The fruit transitions from green to purple/black between April and May, indicating maturity. Major fruit abscission peaks were observed between August and October, with secondary peaks between April and July. Farmers and processors can use this information to plan for fruit harvest 12&#xa0;months after peak flowering and for peak processing operations from July to December. Understanding fruit production patterns can lead to improved financial outcomes by optimizing harvest timing, enhancing processing efficiency, and guiding tree selection for higher yields. This knowledge can also benefit food security and income generation at the village level.</p>

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Patterns in fruit development and fruit abscission for the emerging forest food tree Canarium indicum

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月28日

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  • Godfrey Hannett,
  • Helen M. Wallace,
  • Leonard K. Benson,
  • Simon Minnah,
  • Dalsie Hannett,
  • Elektra Grant,
  • Michael B. Farrar,
  • Shahla Hosseini Bai,
  • Brittany Elliott

摘要

There is an urgent need to diversify global food systems to improve food security and increase resilience to climate change. Indigenous nut trees, such as Canarium indicum, have the potential to enhance food security and resilience, but these species are often understudied. C. indicum is native to the South Pacific and is becoming the basis of a growing nut industry. This species holds cultural significance in many Pacific islands. We conducted a study on the fruit development and abscission patterns of C. indicum trees. Our findings show that the fruit reaches full size 3–4 months after flowering and matures 7–8 months later, with a complete development cycle of 10–12 months. Peak flowering occurs in July–August, earlier than previously reported in Papua New Guinea. The fruit transitions from green to purple/black between April and May, indicating maturity. Major fruit abscission peaks were observed between August and October, with secondary peaks between April and July. Farmers and processors can use this information to plan for fruit harvest 12 months after peak flowering and for peak processing operations from July to December. Understanding fruit production patterns can lead to improved financial outcomes by optimizing harvest timing, enhancing processing efficiency, and guiding tree selection for higher yields. This knowledge can also benefit food security and income generation at the village level.