Cocoa agroforestry and biodiversity: identification of priority species for sustainable management in Côte d’Ivoire
摘要
Woody species in cocoa-based agroforestry systems, survivors of deforestation and the degradation of natural ecosystems, are suffering the negative impacts of climate change. This study aims to define conservation priorities for these species, which are essential to the well-being of local populations for the sustainability of cocoa farming in Côte d’Ivoire. Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted among 50 farmers selected across five villages in the Bonon region, the second largest cocoa-producing area in Côte d’Ivoire. The species used by the communities were sourced from a literature review, while floristic inventories in cocoa agroecosystems was used to assess their availability. This methodological approach revealed the diversity of species providing provisioning services to populations, while analyzing their socioeconomic value and availability according to prioritization criteria. These criteria, integrated into a data matrix and processed by a Principal Component Analysis (PCA), facilitated the prioritization of woody species to be conserved. In total, 53 woody species are used by local people to meet their daily needs. However, the species with the highest socioeconomic values are also the least available. Among them, ten have been identified as priorities for conservation namely: Nesogordonia papaverifera, Ricinodendron heudelotii, Milicia excelsa, Sterculia tragacantha, Holarrhena floribunda, Alstonia boonei, Antiaris toxicaria, Celtis zenkeri, Cordia platythyrsa and Vitellaria paradoxa. These species require special attention to ensure the resilience and sustainability of cocoa agroforestry systems in Côte d’Ivoire.