<p>Understanding the context within which farmers adopt agroforestry and their preferences and needs is essential for boosting adoption and upscale. In this study, we investigate knowledge and current practices, preferences and adoption of agroforestry among smallholder food crop farmers in rural Ghana. The results show that farmers prefer integrating trees, particularly non-fruit trees in their food crop farms. This is backed by the rationale among farmers to increase access to lumber and reduce pests and diseases, among others. While most farmers are willing to adopt agroforestry, adoption is significantly influenced by age, land size, access to extension and climate information services as well as knowledge of agroforestry. We equally observed that farmers perceived institutional and enabling support system, such as improving access to quality seeds, credit, extension and markets, as essential for strengthening agroforestry adoption.</p>