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<p>In Hokkaido, birch (<i>Betula</i> sp.) pollen is the most common cause of pollinosis, with annual airborne pollen dispersals varying by more than 20-fold. It is known that <i>Betula</i> sp. pollen dispersals are proportional to the amounts of male catkins that release pollen. In Hokkaido, the main sources of pollen are believed to be three tree species: <i>Betula platyphylla,</i> which grows over a wide area including residential areas; <i>B. maximowicziana</i>, which grows primarily in mountainous areas; and <i>B. ermanii</i>, which grows in mountainous areas at altitudes above 600&#xa0;m. Previously, we developed a simple method for assessing male catkin existing levels of <i>Betula</i> sp. on a five-point scale using digital camera images. In this study, we investigated the correlation between the amounts of male catkins for the three species and airborne <i>Betula</i> pollen counts in three study areas (Sapporo, Asahikawa, and Obihiro) in Hokkaido over an eight-year period from 2017 to 2024. Spearman rank correlations showed that <i>B. platyphylla</i> male catkins exhibited the highest correlation with airborne pollen counts among the three tree species, with correlation coefficients of 0.95, 0.60, and 0.88 in Sapporo, Asahikawa, and Obihiro, respectively, although there were differences between the regions. The male catkin existing level survey method used in this study is considered to be useful for predicting airborne <i>Betula</i> pollen dispersal amounts.</p>

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Eight-year annual correlation between abundance of male catkins for three Betula species and airborne Betula pollen counts in three areas of Hokkaido

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Shinji Takeuchi,
  • Koki Hirashima,
  • Masayuki Takahashi,
  • Yoichiro Kakimoto

摘要

In Hokkaido, birch (Betula sp.) pollen is the most common cause of pollinosis, with annual airborne pollen dispersals varying by more than 20-fold. It is known that Betula sp. pollen dispersals are proportional to the amounts of male catkins that release pollen. In Hokkaido, the main sources of pollen are believed to be three tree species: Betula platyphylla, which grows over a wide area including residential areas; B. maximowicziana, which grows primarily in mountainous areas; and B. ermanii, which grows in mountainous areas at altitudes above 600 m. Previously, we developed a simple method for assessing male catkin existing levels of Betula sp. on a five-point scale using digital camera images. In this study, we investigated the correlation between the amounts of male catkins for the three species and airborne Betula pollen counts in three study areas (Sapporo, Asahikawa, and Obihiro) in Hokkaido over an eight-year period from 2017 to 2024. Spearman rank correlations showed that B. platyphylla male catkins exhibited the highest correlation with airborne pollen counts among the three tree species, with correlation coefficients of 0.95, 0.60, and 0.88 in Sapporo, Asahikawa, and Obihiro, respectively, although there were differences between the regions. The male catkin existing level survey method used in this study is considered to be useful for predicting airborne Betula pollen dispersal amounts.