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<p>The restoration of endangered fish populations in eutrophic lakes can be challenging despite efforts to reduce nutrient levels, due to the potential toxicity caused by the harmful cyanobacterial blooms. We propose that the differential sensitivity to cyanobacterial bioactive substances may account for the distinct outcomes observed between the endangered <i>Sinocyclocheilus grahami</i> and the invasive <i>Pseudorasbora parva</i> in Lake Dianchi, a eutrophic and blooming lake of China. Following a 21-day exposure to <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> exudates (MaE), <i>S. grahami</i> exhibited more pronounced reductions in gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices, accompanied by significant testicular and hepatic histopathological changes. Physiologically, MaE exposure resulted in a severer dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal–liver (HPGL) axis in <i>S. grahami</i>, as evidenced by a more substantial increase in steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) levels in the testes and elevated activity of cysteine-aspartic protease 3&#xa0;(caspase-3), along with enzymes 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1&#xa0;(17β-HSD1), aromatase&#xa0;(Cyp19a1a), and P450 11β hydroxylase&#xa0;(Cyp11b). In contrast, <i>P. parva</i> exhibited comparatively minor endocrine disruptions. Our findings indicate that MaE induced reproductive endocrine disruption through the HPGL axis, with the endemic <i>S. grahami</i> being considerably more susceptible than the invasive <i>P. parva</i>. This elucidates a physiological mechanism underlying the unsuccessful recovery of this native species and highlights the importance of avoiding the bloom period during the future re-introduction.</p>

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Which fish species is more sensitive to toxic cyanobacteria, the native or the invasive one?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Xiaoying Huang,
  • Yumei Xie,
  • Xuexiu Chang,
  • Hugh J. MacIsaac,
  • Yuanwei Zhang,
  • Xiaoai Wang,
  • Xiaofu Pan,
  • Qi Pu,
  • Hongyan Zhang,
  • Runbing Xu

摘要

The restoration of endangered fish populations in eutrophic lakes can be challenging despite efforts to reduce nutrient levels, due to the potential toxicity caused by the harmful cyanobacterial blooms. We propose that the differential sensitivity to cyanobacterial bioactive substances may account for the distinct outcomes observed between the endangered Sinocyclocheilus grahami and the invasive Pseudorasbora parva in Lake Dianchi, a eutrophic and blooming lake of China. Following a 21-day exposure to Microcystis aeruginosa exudates (MaE), S. grahami exhibited more pronounced reductions in gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices, accompanied by significant testicular and hepatic histopathological changes. Physiologically, MaE exposure resulted in a severer dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal–liver (HPGL) axis in S. grahami, as evidenced by a more substantial increase in steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) levels in the testes and elevated activity of cysteine-aspartic protease 3 (caspase-3), along with enzymes 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (17β-HSD1), aromatase (Cyp19a1a), and P450 11β hydroxylase (Cyp11b). In contrast, P. parva exhibited comparatively minor endocrine disruptions. Our findings indicate that MaE induced reproductive endocrine disruption through the HPGL axis, with the endemic S. grahami being considerably more susceptible than the invasive P. parva. This elucidates a physiological mechanism underlying the unsuccessful recovery of this native species and highlights the importance of avoiding the bloom period during the future re-introduction.