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<p>Phytoplankton are the microorganisms that respond most rapidly to changing environmental factors in aquatic environments. Therefore, seasonal changes are effective in phytoplankton species composition and abundance. Seasonal sampling was conducted in the open waters of Gökova Bay to determine how seasonal changes will affect phytoplankton species composition and abundance. In this study, water samples were taken for physical, chemical and phytoplankton analyses between May 2022 and February 2023 from 6 stations vertically at 3 depths (0.5&#xa0;m, 10&#xa0;m and the deepest point of the photic zone) in Gökova Bay in order to understand the differences in the abundance, diversity, species richness and composition of phytoplankton among stations and seasons depending on environmental factors. A total of 112 taxa were identified in the phytoplankton, including 74 Dinoflagellata, 33 Heterokontophyta, 4 Haptophyta, and 1 Cyanobacteria taxa. There were significant differences between seasons among environmental parameters and phytoplankton communities. From spring to fall, dinoflagellates were dominant in phytoplankton concerning temperature, total nitrogen, pH, and salinity, while in winter, Heterokontophyta was dominant in relation to nitrite-nitrogen concentration. According to Redundancy Analysis (RDA), environmental parameters such as total nitrogen (TN), nitrite-nitrogen (NO<sub>2</sub>-N), temperature (T), salinity (SAL), and pH significantly affected the distribution of <i>Lingulodinium polyedra</i>, <i>Ceratium furca</i>, <i>Scrippsiella acuminata</i>, <i>Protodinium simplex</i>, <i>Oxytoxum semicollatum, Thalassionema frauenfeldii</i>, <i>Ulnaria ulna</i>, <i>Chaetoceras curvisetus</i>, <i>Chaetoceros affinis, Hemiaulus hauckii,</i> and <i>Bacteriastrum furcatum</i> species. It was observed that phytoplankton species richness and diversity significantly increased in spring, while phytoplankton abundance slightly increase in the same period. As a result, while temporal (seasonal) changes were detected in phytoplankton species richness, diversity, composition and abundance depending on TN, NO2-N, T, SAL and pH, spatial (station-dependent) changes were not observed.</p>

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The relation of some environmental parameters on the spatio-temporal distribution of phytoplankton community in Gökova Bay (Muğla, Türkiye)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Uğur Güzel,
  • Rıza Akgül,
  • H. Abdullah Uçan

摘要

Phytoplankton are the microorganisms that respond most rapidly to changing environmental factors in aquatic environments. Therefore, seasonal changes are effective in phytoplankton species composition and abundance. Seasonal sampling was conducted in the open waters of Gökova Bay to determine how seasonal changes will affect phytoplankton species composition and abundance. In this study, water samples were taken for physical, chemical and phytoplankton analyses between May 2022 and February 2023 from 6 stations vertically at 3 depths (0.5 m, 10 m and the deepest point of the photic zone) in Gökova Bay in order to understand the differences in the abundance, diversity, species richness and composition of phytoplankton among stations and seasons depending on environmental factors. A total of 112 taxa were identified in the phytoplankton, including 74 Dinoflagellata, 33 Heterokontophyta, 4 Haptophyta, and 1 Cyanobacteria taxa. There were significant differences between seasons among environmental parameters and phytoplankton communities. From spring to fall, dinoflagellates were dominant in phytoplankton concerning temperature, total nitrogen, pH, and salinity, while in winter, Heterokontophyta was dominant in relation to nitrite-nitrogen concentration. According to Redundancy Analysis (RDA), environmental parameters such as total nitrogen (TN), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N), temperature (T), salinity (SAL), and pH significantly affected the distribution of Lingulodinium polyedra, Ceratium furca, Scrippsiella acuminata, Protodinium simplex, Oxytoxum semicollatum, Thalassionema frauenfeldii, Ulnaria ulna, Chaetoceras curvisetus, Chaetoceros affinis, Hemiaulus hauckii, and Bacteriastrum furcatum species. It was observed that phytoplankton species richness and diversity significantly increased in spring, while phytoplankton abundance slightly increase in the same period. As a result, while temporal (seasonal) changes were detected in phytoplankton species richness, diversity, composition and abundance depending on TN, NO2-N, T, SAL and pH, spatial (station-dependent) changes were not observed.