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<p>Understanding how spatial factors shape species distribution and geographic range remains a central question in community ecology, particularly for microorganisms with high dispersal capacities. Here, we applied variation partitioning to assess the impact of multiple spatial mechanisms on the β-diversity of a bacterioplankton metacommunity in 60 shallow lakes distributed across a broad landscape. Linear overland distances between sites provided the best explanation for bacterioplankton β-diversity, likely reflecting the dominance of ubiquitous, highly abundant bacteria. In contrast, rarer bacteria were associated with local neighborhoods, suggesting lower dispersal capacities. This pattern aligns with observations in other taxa and indicates a potential rescue effect. Moreover, regardless of abundance, most bacteria appear to occupy a geographic range of 600–700&#xa0;km. Our results suggest that while deterministic factors play a critical role in shaping freshwater bacterial biodiversity, the spatial context also contributes to explaining bacterioplankton dissimilarity and community dynamics. Importantly, selecting the appropriate spatial metric—whether based on presence/absence or abundance data—is crucial for accurately capturing these patterns.</p>

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Beyond environmental selection: exploring the spatial structuring of a freshwater bacterial metacommunity on a broad geographical scale

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月28日

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  • Erick Mateus-Barros,
  • Adriano Caliman,
  • Thaís Garcia da Silva,
  • Hugo Sarmento

摘要

Understanding how spatial factors shape species distribution and geographic range remains a central question in community ecology, particularly for microorganisms with high dispersal capacities. Here, we applied variation partitioning to assess the impact of multiple spatial mechanisms on the β-diversity of a bacterioplankton metacommunity in 60 shallow lakes distributed across a broad landscape. Linear overland distances between sites provided the best explanation for bacterioplankton β-diversity, likely reflecting the dominance of ubiquitous, highly abundant bacteria. In contrast, rarer bacteria were associated with local neighborhoods, suggesting lower dispersal capacities. This pattern aligns with observations in other taxa and indicates a potential rescue effect. Moreover, regardless of abundance, most bacteria appear to occupy a geographic range of 600–700 km. Our results suggest that while deterministic factors play a critical role in shaping freshwater bacterial biodiversity, the spatial context also contributes to explaining bacterioplankton dissimilarity and community dynamics. Importantly, selecting the appropriate spatial metric—whether based on presence/absence or abundance data—is crucial for accurately capturing these patterns.