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<p>Traditional cellulose-based paper suffers from inherent flammability, hydrophilicity, and oxidative degradation. These limitations cause irreversible damage, including yellowing, moisture absorption, and structural decay, during long-term archival storage. To address these challenges, a biomimetic strategy inspired by the hierarchical architecture of bird-nest (interwoven branches, grass, and mud) is proposed to engineer a multifunctional composite paper. By integrating aluminum silicate fibers (ASF) as load-bearing “branches”, ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires (HAPNW) as flexible “grass”, and an inorganic adhesive(aluminum oxide sol) as binding “mud”, a nest-like network is constructed to synergistically enhance mechanical robustness, flame resistance, and environmental stability. Unlike pure HAPNW paper with limited tensile strength (25&#xa0;MPa), the optimized composite (30% ASF) achieves a remarkable strength of 62&#xa0;MPa and modulus of 9 GPa, attributed to stress redistribution via interfacial fiber entanglement and inorganic binder-mediated cohesion. Further hydrophobic modification confers superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning capabilities, while retaining writeability comparable to conventional paper. Crucially, the composite exhibits non-combustibility under direct flame exposure (700°C, 60 s) and exceptional thermal stability (84% residual mass at 800°C), outperforming commercial counterparts. This work pioneers a biomimetic paradigm for designing high-performance archival materials, offering a sustainable solution to reconcile mechanical durability, fire safety, and environmental resilience in paper-based preservation technologies.</p>

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Multifunctional Biomimetic Paper: High-strength, Fire-resistant, and Self-cleaning ASF/HAPNW Composite Inspired by Bird-nest Architecture

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月20日

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  • Jingxiao Guo,
  • Zhen Hong,
  • Guoyu Zhu,
  • Ruochen Liu,
  • Yongcun Ma,
  • Jilin Xu,
  • Zuozhu Yin,
  • Yidan Luo,
  • Chan Xie,
  • Mingshan Xue

摘要

Traditional cellulose-based paper suffers from inherent flammability, hydrophilicity, and oxidative degradation. These limitations cause irreversible damage, including yellowing, moisture absorption, and structural decay, during long-term archival storage. To address these challenges, a biomimetic strategy inspired by the hierarchical architecture of bird-nest (interwoven branches, grass, and mud) is proposed to engineer a multifunctional composite paper. By integrating aluminum silicate fibers (ASF) as load-bearing “branches”, ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires (HAPNW) as flexible “grass”, and an inorganic adhesive(aluminum oxide sol) as binding “mud”, a nest-like network is constructed to synergistically enhance mechanical robustness, flame resistance, and environmental stability. Unlike pure HAPNW paper with limited tensile strength (25 MPa), the optimized composite (30% ASF) achieves a remarkable strength of 62 MPa and modulus of 9 GPa, attributed to stress redistribution via interfacial fiber entanglement and inorganic binder-mediated cohesion. Further hydrophobic modification confers superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning capabilities, while retaining writeability comparable to conventional paper. Crucially, the composite exhibits non-combustibility under direct flame exposure (700°C, 60 s) and exceptional thermal stability (84% residual mass at 800°C), outperforming commercial counterparts. This work pioneers a biomimetic paradigm for designing high-performance archival materials, offering a sustainable solution to reconcile mechanical durability, fire safety, and environmental resilience in paper-based preservation technologies.