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<p>Porous bone implants have been extensively studied with gradient structures receiving increasing attention due to their superior compatibility with bone tissue. However, comparative studies between gradient and uniform structures remain relatively scarce. In this study, selective laser melting (SLM) technology was employed to fabricate a gradient composite Ti6Al4V humeral bone scaffold, utilizing regular hexahedron as its unit cells. According to the Ashby Gibson theoretical model, we designed the porosity of the layered gradient structure within the range of 22.02%~94.37% to achieve the regulation of the equivalent elastic modulus of the titanium alloy macroscopic structure within the range of 1.8119 ~ 14.1154 GPa, effectively eliminating the stress shielding effect between the alloy and the humerus. The maximum yield strength of the gradient porous alloy produced by laser sintering process reaches 419.22&#xa0;MPa, exceeding the yield strength of the humerus ranging 100 ~ 190&#xa0;MPa. In addition, the layered gradient porous structure designed in this article exhibits a more uniform stress distribution mechanism under shear stress, eliminating the failure hazard caused by stress concentration under biomechanical effects. Compared to non-gradient models, gradient structures are more effective in controlling the direction of force transmission. These findings provide valuable insights for further research into gradient structure models of other rod-shaped unit cells, highlighting the mechanical advantages and structural performance of gradient structures over uniform ones.</p>

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Mechanical Behavior of Layered Gradient Composite Bone Scaffold Based on Regular Hexahedron Porous Structures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月10日

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  • Tianyuan Zhong,
  • Han Xiao,
  • David Hui,
  • Yun Zhai

摘要

Porous bone implants have been extensively studied with gradient structures receiving increasing attention due to their superior compatibility with bone tissue. However, comparative studies between gradient and uniform structures remain relatively scarce. In this study, selective laser melting (SLM) technology was employed to fabricate a gradient composite Ti6Al4V humeral bone scaffold, utilizing regular hexahedron as its unit cells. According to the Ashby Gibson theoretical model, we designed the porosity of the layered gradient structure within the range of 22.02%~94.37% to achieve the regulation of the equivalent elastic modulus of the titanium alloy macroscopic structure within the range of 1.8119 ~ 14.1154 GPa, effectively eliminating the stress shielding effect between the alloy and the humerus. The maximum yield strength of the gradient porous alloy produced by laser sintering process reaches 419.22 MPa, exceeding the yield strength of the humerus ranging 100 ~ 190 MPa. In addition, the layered gradient porous structure designed in this article exhibits a more uniform stress distribution mechanism under shear stress, eliminating the failure hazard caused by stress concentration under biomechanical effects. Compared to non-gradient models, gradient structures are more effective in controlling the direction of force transmission. These findings provide valuable insights for further research into gradient structure models of other rod-shaped unit cells, highlighting the mechanical advantages and structural performance of gradient structures over uniform ones.