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<p>In this work, the tensile failure mechanisms of 48&#xa0;K large-tow carbon-fiber-reinforced composite notched structures are systematically investigated through integrated experimental and numerical approaches. Two layup configurations, [-45/0/45/90]<sub>S</sub> and [0/90/0/90]<sub>S</sub>, with varying notch diameters (0, 4, 8, 12&#xa0;mm), are experimentally characterized using DIC and microscopic techniques. A macro-meso coupled finite element model integrating Hashin and Gu criteria is developed to analyze stress distribution, damage progression, and failure modes. Experimental results reveal that the [0/90/0/90]<sub>S</sub> laminates exhibited higher ultimate strengths but pronounced nonlinearity due to 0° layer dominance, while [-45/0/45/90]<sub>S</sub> laminates demonstrated crack bifurcation and interlayer delamination under shear-axial coupling. Notch diameters significantly influenced failure modes: smaller apertures triggered localized 0° yarn fractures, whereas larger notches induced multi-crack coalescence and strain field “spindle-shaped” distributions. The simulation model achieved prediction errors below 9.63% for stiffness and 9.29% for strength, validating its accuracy in capturing interlaminar interactions. Macro/meso fracture analysis confirms fiber-matrix debonding and matrix crushing in ± 45° layers, highlighting the interplay between notch geometry and mesoscale defects. These findings provide critical insights for optimizing large-tow composite joining designs in marine and offshore engineering applications.</p>

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Investigation on the Tensile Failure Mechanism of Large-Tow Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composite Notched Structures by Experiments and Simulations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Wantao Guo,
  • Yu Zhao,
  • Junhua Guo,
  • Xinggang Zhang,
  • Hongyuan Zhang

摘要

In this work, the tensile failure mechanisms of 48 K large-tow carbon-fiber-reinforced composite notched structures are systematically investigated through integrated experimental and numerical approaches. Two layup configurations, [-45/0/45/90]S and [0/90/0/90]S, with varying notch diameters (0, 4, 8, 12 mm), are experimentally characterized using DIC and microscopic techniques. A macro-meso coupled finite element model integrating Hashin and Gu criteria is developed to analyze stress distribution, damage progression, and failure modes. Experimental results reveal that the [0/90/0/90]S laminates exhibited higher ultimate strengths but pronounced nonlinearity due to 0° layer dominance, while [-45/0/45/90]S laminates demonstrated crack bifurcation and interlayer delamination under shear-axial coupling. Notch diameters significantly influenced failure modes: smaller apertures triggered localized 0° yarn fractures, whereas larger notches induced multi-crack coalescence and strain field “spindle-shaped” distributions. The simulation model achieved prediction errors below 9.63% for stiffness and 9.29% for strength, validating its accuracy in capturing interlaminar interactions. Macro/meso fracture analysis confirms fiber-matrix debonding and matrix crushing in ± 45° layers, highlighting the interplay between notch geometry and mesoscale defects. These findings provide critical insights for optimizing large-tow composite joining designs in marine and offshore engineering applications.