<p>The wake dynamics and horizontal migration ability of freely rotating spheroidal particles with fixed centers in a conducting flow are investigated using three-dimensional direct numerical simulations. Here, the horizontal migration ability is a measure of horizontal force generation. A total of 137 data points are computed in this study for all combinations within parameter range: Reynolds numbers <i>Re</i> = 100, 200, and 250, particle aspect ratios <i>β</i> = 2, 3, and 6, interaction parameters <i>N</i> = 0.1, 0.5, and 1, and magnetic field orientations 0° ≤ <i>θ</i><sub><i>B</i></sub> ≤ 90°. The results show that magnetic field orientation strongly controls wake symmetry and the resulting horizontal forces through the anisotropic properties of the Lorentz force distribution. A moderately inclined magnetic field (<i>θ</i><sub><i>B</i></sub> ≈ 30°) most robustly sustains wake asymmetry, leading to enhanced horizontal migration ability while avoiding excessive magnetic damping. For particles with small aspect ratios, efficient horizontal migration ability is achieved at moderate magnetic interaction parameters, whereas elongated particles require stronger magnetic fields to compensate for geometry-induced changes in the characteristic action length of the Lorentz forces. These findings provide a mechanistic framework for predicting and controlling particle motion in electromagnetic flows, offering guidance for energy-efficient magnetic manipulation of anisotropic particles.</p>

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Magnetic field control of the freely rotating spheroid particle

  • Tong-Tong Liu,
  • Jun-Hua Pan,
  • Ming-Jiu Ni

摘要

The wake dynamics and horizontal migration ability of freely rotating spheroidal particles with fixed centers in a conducting flow are investigated using three-dimensional direct numerical simulations. Here, the horizontal migration ability is a measure of horizontal force generation. A total of 137 data points are computed in this study for all combinations within parameter range: Reynolds numbers Re = 100, 200, and 250, particle aspect ratios β = 2, 3, and 6, interaction parameters N = 0.1, 0.5, and 1, and magnetic field orientations 0° ≤ θB ≤ 90°. The results show that magnetic field orientation strongly controls wake symmetry and the resulting horizontal forces through the anisotropic properties of the Lorentz force distribution. A moderately inclined magnetic field (θB ≈ 30°) most robustly sustains wake asymmetry, leading to enhanced horizontal migration ability while avoiding excessive magnetic damping. For particles with small aspect ratios, efficient horizontal migration ability is achieved at moderate magnetic interaction parameters, whereas elongated particles require stronger magnetic fields to compensate for geometry-induced changes in the characteristic action length of the Lorentz forces. These findings provide a mechanistic framework for predicting and controlling particle motion in electromagnetic flows, offering guidance for energy-efficient magnetic manipulation of anisotropic particles.