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<p>Lung disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are rare but of increasing importance in countries with a&#xa0;low incidence of tuberculosis. In Germany representatives of the <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex are the most frequent cause of clinically relevant NTM pulmonary disease. The detection of NTM from respiratory material must always be evaluated in a&#xa0;clinical context. The diagnostic ATS/ERS/ESCMID/IDSA criteria are most commonly applied. If a&#xa0;disease is present the decision to initiate treatment must be made in the overall context of the patient. This usually consists of a&#xa0;combination of several antibiotic drugs and is recommended in most cases for a&#xa0;duration of at least 12 months. Macrolides are the backbone of treatment for the vast majority of species groups. The treatment success measured by the sputum conversion rate is not yet satisfactory for most NTM and underlines the need for future research and clinical studies in this area.</p>

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Pulmonale Erkrankungen durch nicht-tuberkulöse Mykobakterien

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月11日

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  • Nils Wetzstein,
  • Christoph Lange

摘要

Lung disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are rare but of increasing importance in countries with a low incidence of tuberculosis. In Germany representatives of the Mycobacterium avium complex are the most frequent cause of clinically relevant NTM pulmonary disease. The detection of NTM from respiratory material must always be evaluated in a clinical context. The diagnostic ATS/ERS/ESCMID/IDSA criteria are most commonly applied. If a disease is present the decision to initiate treatment must be made in the overall context of the patient. This usually consists of a combination of several antibiotic drugs and is recommended in most cases for a duration of at least 12 months. Macrolides are the backbone of treatment for the vast majority of species groups. The treatment success measured by the sputum conversion rate is not yet satisfactory for most NTM and underlines the need for future research and clinical studies in this area.