Einfluss aktivitätsbezogener und krankheitsspezifischer Selbstwirksamkeit auf das körperliche Aktivitätsverhalten von pneumologischen Patient:innen

Background

The implementation and maintenance of physical activities are crucial for the sustainable disease management of patients with chronic pulmonary diseases. Psychosocial resources, such as the construct of self-efficacy are associated with the individual activity behavior.

Objective

The present study investigated the influence of domain-specific self-efficacy on the amount of physical activity and the dealing with difficulties in implementing physical activity, taking the disease severity and age into consideration.

Methods

A total of 184 patients (male = 176, age: mean = 69.13 years, forced expiratory volume per second, FEV1 = 2.03l) with pulmonary occupational diseases were included in a cross-sectional study at the beginning of an inpatient rehabilitation. In addition to disease severity, data were collected on the amount of physical activity, on dealing with difficulties in implementing physical activity as well as on disease-specific and activity-related self-efficacy. Associations were determined using Spearman’s correlation analyses and multiple regression analyses.

Results

The patients walked an average of 5125.18 steps per day. The multiple regression analyses showed that in addition to disease severity, activity-related self-efficacy (beta = 0.229, p < 0.01) significantly influenced the patients’ activity levels (F (5.173) = 12.664, p < 0.001, R²_adj = 0.247). In addition to disease severity both activity-related (beta = 0.246, p < 0.001) and disease-specific self-efficacy (beta = 0.316, p < 0.001) were found to be influencing factors for dealing with difficulties in implementing physical activity (F (5.173) = 30.445, p < 0.001; R²_adj = 0.353).

Conclusion

Due to the demonstrated relationships between the activity-related and disease-specific self-efficacy and the physical activity behavior in patients with pulmonary diseases, the training of this personal resource should be taken into account for the future conception of behavior-oriented activity interventions.

Study registration

The study is registered in the German Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS00010777).