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<p>The present research provides a detailed theoretical and analytical exploration of electrothermal interactions and Joule heating phenomena in metachronal cilia-induced peristaltic electroosmotic transport of ionic liquids through microchannels. The main focus lies in examining how the combined influence of an external magnetic field, dynamic ciliary movement, electroosmotic flow, and internal heat generation governs microscale fluid dynamics in biomimetic microfluidic environments. The complex nonlinear equations governing momentum, energy, and electric potential are reformulated into nondimensional form under the assumptions of long wavelength and negligible inertia. Closed-form analytical expressions are derived using boundary conditions that incorporate ciliary wave motion, electric double-layer structure, and validated electroosmotic slip relationships grounded in the Poisson–Boltzmann and Nernst–Planck formulations. The multiphysical coupling demonstrates that stronger magnetic fields markedly decelerate the fluid owing to Lorentz-force-induced resistance, whereas Hall current contributions enhance motion by counteracting magnetic drag. Intensified electroosmotic strength magnifies double-layer interactions adjacent to the walls, thus improving fluid conveyance. Flow modulation through porous channel layers is dictated by the Darcy parameter - larger values diminish hydrodynamic opposition and promote throughput. Ciliary dimensions and eccentricity significantly determine propulsion efficiency and drag response. Thermal contributions from Joule heating and radiative transfer enlarge thermal boundary regions and alter viscosity distribution, thereby influencing the overall stability and flow rate. Comparison with benchmark numerical findings validates the analytical framework and confirms its computational reliability. This integrative multiphysics model deepens the understanding of cilia-driven electroosmotic mechanisms and offers valuable design guidelines for microchannel systems utilizing ionic liquids, relevant to biomedical, energy, and microchemical technologies requiring controlled electrothermal pumping at the microscale.</p>

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Electrothermal coupling and joule heating effects in metachronal cilia-driven peristaltic electroosmotic flow of ionic liquids in microfluidic system

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • S. Ravikumar

摘要

The present research provides a detailed theoretical and analytical exploration of electrothermal interactions and Joule heating phenomena in metachronal cilia-induced peristaltic electroosmotic transport of ionic liquids through microchannels. The main focus lies in examining how the combined influence of an external magnetic field, dynamic ciliary movement, electroosmotic flow, and internal heat generation governs microscale fluid dynamics in biomimetic microfluidic environments. The complex nonlinear equations governing momentum, energy, and electric potential are reformulated into nondimensional form under the assumptions of long wavelength and negligible inertia. Closed-form analytical expressions are derived using boundary conditions that incorporate ciliary wave motion, electric double-layer structure, and validated electroosmotic slip relationships grounded in the Poisson–Boltzmann and Nernst–Planck formulations. The multiphysical coupling demonstrates that stronger magnetic fields markedly decelerate the fluid owing to Lorentz-force-induced resistance, whereas Hall current contributions enhance motion by counteracting magnetic drag. Intensified electroosmotic strength magnifies double-layer interactions adjacent to the walls, thus improving fluid conveyance. Flow modulation through porous channel layers is dictated by the Darcy parameter - larger values diminish hydrodynamic opposition and promote throughput. Ciliary dimensions and eccentricity significantly determine propulsion efficiency and drag response. Thermal contributions from Joule heating and radiative transfer enlarge thermal boundary regions and alter viscosity distribution, thereby influencing the overall stability and flow rate. Comparison with benchmark numerical findings validates the analytical framework and confirms its computational reliability. This integrative multiphysics model deepens the understanding of cilia-driven electroosmotic mechanisms and offers valuable design guidelines for microchannel systems utilizing ionic liquids, relevant to biomedical, energy, and microchemical technologies requiring controlled electrothermal pumping at the microscale.