A review on advanced nanocomposite-based electrochemical biosensors for healthcare monitoring using human sweat
摘要
Among other things, sweat is the ultrafiltrate of blood plasma, an essential physiological fluid in the human body. It harbours a wide range of metabolites, electrolytes, and other biologically relevant markers that are directly correlated with human health. Relative to other body fluids e.g. blood, tears, interstitial fluid and saliva, sweat has specific benefits of ease of collection and detection that is non-invasive. During recent years, much focus was put on wearable sweat sensors because of their possibility to provide permanent monitoring of biomarkers. The use of wearable bioelectronics has attracted great attention even in the world of medicine due to its vast potential of predictive medical modelling and the ability to conduct personalised Point of Care Testing (POCT). These devices have many attractive features which include lightweight, flexible, great stretchability, and low price. In situ analysis of sweat biomarkers through electrochemical methods has been extensively used as widely reviewed by different researchers. The aim of this paper is to present a literature review of the latest advancements in non-invasive, continuous glucose monitoring with sweat sensors. It will point out various strategies and devices, which can be used in wearable platforms. This review provides insight knowledge that is essential in carrying out effective critical analysis of current problems. In it, wearable glucose biosensors have been classified based on the methodology, and the challenges of each specific approach have been discussed.