Aim <p>This study aims to examine the relationship between gender roles and family planning attitudes and the affecting factors in married women.</p> Subject and methods <p>This study used a descriptive and correlational design, and it was conducted with 347 married women registered to a Family Health Center in Ağrı province between September and December 2024. Data were collected through the “Personal Information Form”, the “Gender Roles Attitude Scale” and the “Family Planning Attitudes Scale” by meeting the participants face-to-face.</p> Results <p>The average age of the women was 33.36 ± 7.38 years, 67.4% had a high school education or higher, and 62.8% did not work. A positive relationship was found between gender roles and family planning attitudes, and individuals with egalitarian gender roles had more positive family planning attitudes. Individuals with traditional gender roles had lower family planning attitudes.</p> Conclusion <p>In conclusion, gender roles affect women's family planning attitudes. Education, employment, and economic factors promote egalitarian views, while traditional roles hinder support for family planning. Increasing women's education and employment is key to gender equality.</p>