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Aim <p>Low physical activity (PA) and high sedentary behavior (SB), linked to chronic conditions and premature death, vary owing to socio-cultural factors such as diet, occupation, gender roles, and societal norms. Few studies focus on these behaviors in rural Indian communities. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and determinants of PA and SB among rural adults in Punjab, North India.</p> Subject and methods <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted among rural adults aged 18–75&#xa0;years of either sex using the convenient sampling technique. Data on sociodemographic (age, sex, literacy status, marital status, current employment status, family size, and annual income) and lifestyle variables (diet type, smoking, and alcohol intake) were collected using pretested and modified interview schedules through face-to-face interviews. While data pertaining to self-reported PA and SB were collected by administering the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ).</p> Results <p>The prevalence of low PA and high SB was estimated to be 13.3% and 10.4% respectively. Majority of participants (86.91%) were found to engage in transportation-related physical&#xa0;activities. In the adjusted binary logistic&#xa0;regression model, low PA was found to be directly associated with older age [OR 1.75 (1.118–2.74), <i>p</i> value 0.014], unemployment status [OR 1.61 (1.08–2.67), <i>p</i> value 0.02], retired/dependent status [OR 2.30 (1.34–3.94), <i>p</i> value 0.002], while an inverse association was observed with non-vegetarian diet [0.59 (0.41–0.86), <i>p</i> value 0.006]. However, high SB was found to be associated with older age [OR 3.53 (1.94–6.42), <i>p</i> value &lt; 0.001], unmarried/widowed/separated status [OR 1.73 (1.16–2.59), <i>p</i> value 0.004], retired/dependent status [OR 2.63 (1.49–4.63), <i>p</i> value &lt; 0.001] and smoking [OR 1.93 (1.09–3.39), <i>p</i> value 0.024].</p> Conclusion <p>Majority of participants met the recommended 600&#xa0;min of PA per week&#xa0;and a substantial proportion of participants exhibited a low SB. However, older age, unemployment, and retired/dependent&#xa0;status were linked to high&#xa0;SB and low PA levels. Health promotion&#xa0;efforts should target these groups, emphasizing&#xa0;the importance of recreational&#xa0;PA &#xa0;to reduce sedentary time and promote overall wellbeing.</p>

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Prevalence and determinants of physical activity and sedentary behavior: a population-based, cross-sectional study in rural Punjab, North India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月31日

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  • Neha Yadav,
  • Sapana Kasaudhan,
  • Suresh Dahal,
  • Kallur Nava Saraswathy,
  • Naorem Kiranmala Devi

摘要

Aim

Low physical activity (PA) and high sedentary behavior (SB), linked to chronic conditions and premature death, vary owing to socio-cultural factors such as diet, occupation, gender roles, and societal norms. Few studies focus on these behaviors in rural Indian communities. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and determinants of PA and SB among rural adults in Punjab, North India.

Subject and methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among rural adults aged 18–75 years of either sex using the convenient sampling technique. Data on sociodemographic (age, sex, literacy status, marital status, current employment status, family size, and annual income) and lifestyle variables (diet type, smoking, and alcohol intake) were collected using pretested and modified interview schedules through face-to-face interviews. While data pertaining to self-reported PA and SB were collected by administering the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ).

Results

The prevalence of low PA and high SB was estimated to be 13.3% and 10.4% respectively. Majority of participants (86.91%) were found to engage in transportation-related physical activities. In the adjusted binary logistic regression model, low PA was found to be directly associated with older age [OR 1.75 (1.118–2.74), p value 0.014], unemployment status [OR 1.61 (1.08–2.67), p value 0.02], retired/dependent status [OR 2.30 (1.34–3.94), p value 0.002], while an inverse association was observed with non-vegetarian diet [0.59 (0.41–0.86), p value 0.006]. However, high SB was found to be associated with older age [OR 3.53 (1.94–6.42), p value < 0.001], unmarried/widowed/separated status [OR 1.73 (1.16–2.59), p value 0.004], retired/dependent status [OR 2.63 (1.49–4.63), p value < 0.001] and smoking [OR 1.93 (1.09–3.39), p value 0.024].

Conclusion

Majority of participants met the recommended 600 min of PA per week and a substantial proportion of participants exhibited a low SB. However, older age, unemployment, and retired/dependent status were linked to high SB and low PA levels. Health promotion efforts should target these groups, emphasizing the importance of recreational PA  to reduce sedentary time and promote overall wellbeing.