Decoding patterns: the crucial role of social media in health information consumption and user dynamics among the general population

To analyze the usage patterns and characteristics of different user groups in utilizing social media as a source of health information among the general population.

This research utilized a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative design, surveying over 1,300 individuals from Spain. Data collection was facilitated through a structured questionnaire distributed via social media platforms, capturing information on user demographics, frequency of social media use for health information, and trust levels in such information. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS 22.0, ensuring a statistical significance level of 0.05 or lower.

The analysis revealed that 72.1% of respondents use social media as a source for health information. Detailed findings include a significant reliance on social media among users with university-level education, who are 54.5% more likely to trust health information from these platforms compared to those with lower educational backgrounds. Skepticism about the accuracy of health information was prevalent, with only 40.2% of participants occasionally finding the information reliable. Statistically significant differences were noted in health information consumption patterns across age groups, with younger users (18–25 years) demonstrating the highest engagement levels.

Social media platforms significantly impact the health information received by the general population. All participants in this study consumed health information through these platforms, both actively and passively. The use of social media as a source of health information is particularly notable among the 18–25 age group and individuals with university education, with immediacy and privacy being the main reasons for this use.