<p>The advancement of green innovation has been instrumental in influencing socio-economic development, encompassing aspects of economic expansion, increase in lifespan and the level of employment in societies. However, this progression has concurrently resulted in a wider range of environmental implications. This study offers a distinctive contribution to the existing body of literature by advancing a nuanced understanding of the interplay between supply chain disruptions and digital technologies, while also examining how this relationship is conditioned by the level of human capital development within developing and emerging economies. The study uses generalized method of moments to analyse this relationship spanning over a period of 2008 to 2024. The findings reveal that both supply chain disruptions and digitalization exert positive influences on green innovation in addressing environmental challenges. Furthermore, the interaction of these factors with human capital amplifies their individual effects, underscoring the pivotal role of workforce capabilities. Among the dimensions of digitalization, digital infrastructure emerges as a particularly crucial determinant in fostering the development of the digital economy. In order to promote the development of green technologies, policymakers in developing countries should integrate these insights into their strategies.</p>