<p>Locked segments are typically key factors controlling the deformation and stability of large-scale rock landslides. However, the deformation evolution characteristics and mechanisms of locked-segment landslides undergoing creep under gravitational loading remain underexplored. This study takes the Jiweishan landslide in Chongqing, China, as a case study, integrating remote sensing, numerical modeling, and topological analysis to quantify the spatiotemporal differential deformation and to investigate the mechanisms underlying its evolutionary heterogeneity. The results show significant differences in the deformation evolution between the trailing driving block and the leading resisting block. The average displacement of the driving block is 2.75 times that of the resisting block. The Wasserstein distance of displacement topologies between the two blocks reaches 1972 and increases by over an order of magnitude during evolution. During the steady creep stage, the curves of displacement, stress, elastic strain energy increments, and Wasserstein distance all exhibit a three-phase pattern: increase, decrease, and stabilization. This study demonstrates that the spatiotemporal differential deformation characteristics of locked-segment landslides are primarily controlled by the locking effect of the leading block, which results from the coordinated mechanical and energetic interactions between the trailing and leading blocks. Moreover, for locked-segment landslides with complex geological structures, the influence of secondary slip surfaces should be explicitly incorporated into stability evaluation, as they significantly affect slope deformation behavior and hazard potential.</p>