<p>Human hunting in terrestrial ecosystems is widespread and can have both direct and indirect impacts on non-target wildlife species and demographic groups, a topic that has received limited attention. I here provide a systematic review covering (1) direct hunter errors (shooting non-target species/sex/age group), (2) the direct disturbance by hunters or dogs to non-target wildlife, and (3) the indirect effects of hunting through the creation of a landscape of fear in non-target wildlife. Overall, these issues were more commonly reported for hunting birds, in particular waterfowl, than mammals. For waterfowl hunting, direct shooting and disturbance effects on non-target species was a recurring issue. A few studies of non-waterfowl species also involved a vulnerable, non-target species being shot due to similar appearance to a commonly hunted game species. In contrast for mammals, no study addressed the direct impact of hunting on non-target species or demographic groups. For disturbance and fear effects in mammals, several studies have shown no or limited effect on non-target species. However, the use of dogs appears to have the potential to disturb wildlife more broadly during ongoing hunts, but whether this notably affects non-target species or groups remains to be documented. Unique experiments have demonstrated disturbance and fear effects during the male elk hunting season on both female elk and <i>Odocoileus</i> deer. Studies on effects of selective hunting should broaden focus beyond target species and groups.</p>