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<p>The Fall Armyworm (<i>S&#xa0;frugiperda</i>) is a&#xa0;major invasive pest of maize and other cereal crops, and their population is influenced by environmental and management factors. This study examined FAW abundance over two years (September–November 2023 and 2024) to assess infestation variations and their correlation with abiotic factors. Statistical analyses revealed significantly higher infestation levels in 2023 compared to 2024, with elevated egg mass counts in 2023 indicating increased reproductive activity. FAW larval counts in 2023 ranged from 0.10–0.63 larvae per plant, with a&#xa0;mean SD = 0.36 ± 0.18, whereas in 2024, the counts ranged from 0.03–0.30 larvae per plant, with a&#xa0;mean SD = 0.16 ± 0.10. The highest FAW infestation in 2023 occurred in late September (0.63 larvae/plant), while in 2024, the peak infestation was recorded in early September (0.30 larvae/plant), demonstrating a&#xa0;marked reduction in infestation levels throughout the season. Correlation analysis highlighted a&#xa0;strong positive relationship between FAW incidence and maximum temperature (r = 0.86, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) in 2023, suggesting that higher daytime temperatures favour pest proliferation. Minimum temperature also showed a&#xa0;moderate positive correlation (r = 0.73, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). while rainfall (r = −0.61) and morning humidity (r = −0.16) exhibited a&#xa0;weak nonsignificant negative correlation (r = −0.16). These findings highlight the importance of systematic monitoring in emerging FAW hotspots and by providing valuable insights into the temporal dynamics of <i>S.&#xa0;frugiperda</i> populations indicate timely incorporation of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies for sustainable pest control in agricultural systems.</p>

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Weather–Population Interactions of the Alien Pest Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda): Field Evidence from Two Seasons

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月30日

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  • Sadaf Bashir,
  • Pritha Ghosh

摘要

The Fall Armyworm (S frugiperda) is a major invasive pest of maize and other cereal crops, and their population is influenced by environmental and management factors. This study examined FAW abundance over two years (September–November 2023 and 2024) to assess infestation variations and their correlation with abiotic factors. Statistical analyses revealed significantly higher infestation levels in 2023 compared to 2024, with elevated egg mass counts in 2023 indicating increased reproductive activity. FAW larval counts in 2023 ranged from 0.10–0.63 larvae per plant, with a mean SD = 0.36 ± 0.18, whereas in 2024, the counts ranged from 0.03–0.30 larvae per plant, with a mean SD = 0.16 ± 0.10. The highest FAW infestation in 2023 occurred in late September (0.63 larvae/plant), while in 2024, the peak infestation was recorded in early September (0.30 larvae/plant), demonstrating a marked reduction in infestation levels throughout the season. Correlation analysis highlighted a strong positive relationship between FAW incidence and maximum temperature (r = 0.86, p < 0.01) in 2023, suggesting that higher daytime temperatures favour pest proliferation. Minimum temperature also showed a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.73, p < 0.05). while rainfall (r = −0.61) and morning humidity (r = −0.16) exhibited a weak nonsignificant negative correlation (r = −0.16). These findings highlight the importance of systematic monitoring in emerging FAW hotspots and by providing valuable insights into the temporal dynamics of S. frugiperda populations indicate timely incorporation of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies for sustainable pest control in agricultural systems.