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<p><i>Striga hermonthica</i>, a&#xa0;root hemiparasitic weed, severely limits sorghum production in Sub-Saharan Africa. The use of resistant varieties is a&#xa0;widely adopted strategy for controlling <i>Striga</i>. To develop durable <i>Striga-resistant</i> sorghum varieties, this study investigates the interaction effects between host and parasite, as well as the virulence levels of five Ethiopian <i>Striga</i> ecotypes. A&#xa0;pot trial was conducted using seven resistant sorghum varieties, two susceptible checks, and five Ethiopian <i>Striga</i> ecotypes. Valuable data were generated on the interaction effects between sorghum varieties and <i>Striga</i> ecotypes based on three resistance indices: <i>Striga </i>count, <i>Striga</i> length, and dry <i>Striga</i> biomass. The findings revealed variability in sorghum responses to <i>Striga</i> infection, with a&#xa0;significant interaction effect between <i>Striga</i> ecotypes and sorghum varieties. Notably, the virulence levels of <i>Striga</i> ecotypes varied considerably across sorghum varieties; an ecotype highly virulent to one variety exhibited reduced virulence to another. Similarly, a&#xa0;sorghum variety highly resistant to one ecotype showed moderate or lower resistance to others. The variety Framida generally exhibited high levels of infection, whereas N‑13 demonstrated durable resistance. Importantly, sorghum varieties N‑13 and SRN39 consistently showed resistance across all tested ecotypes, making them prime candidates for strategic gene pyramiding. This study highlights the presence of interaction effects, which are critical for designing effective breeding strategies in future <i>Striga</i> resistance improvement programs. Furthermore, comprehensive studies on the genetic variability of Ethiopian <i>Striga </i>ecotypes will facilitate the development of durable resistant varieties.</p>

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Unveiling the Ecotype-Driven Virulence Heterogeneity Among Major Ecotypes of the Striga hermonthica Population from Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月4日

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  • Abiy Legesse Kibebe,
  • Hewan Demissie Degu,
  • Taye Tesema,
  • Habte Nida Chikssa,
  • Alemu Tirfessa Woldetensaye

摘要

Striga hermonthica, a root hemiparasitic weed, severely limits sorghum production in Sub-Saharan Africa. The use of resistant varieties is a widely adopted strategy for controlling Striga. To develop durable Striga-resistant sorghum varieties, this study investigates the interaction effects between host and parasite, as well as the virulence levels of five Ethiopian Striga ecotypes. A pot trial was conducted using seven resistant sorghum varieties, two susceptible checks, and five Ethiopian Striga ecotypes. Valuable data were generated on the interaction effects between sorghum varieties and Striga ecotypes based on three resistance indices: Striga count, Striga length, and dry Striga biomass. The findings revealed variability in sorghum responses to Striga infection, with a significant interaction effect between Striga ecotypes and sorghum varieties. Notably, the virulence levels of Striga ecotypes varied considerably across sorghum varieties; an ecotype highly virulent to one variety exhibited reduced virulence to another. Similarly, a sorghum variety highly resistant to one ecotype showed moderate or lower resistance to others. The variety Framida generally exhibited high levels of infection, whereas N‑13 demonstrated durable resistance. Importantly, sorghum varieties N‑13 and SRN39 consistently showed resistance across all tested ecotypes, making them prime candidates for strategic gene pyramiding. This study highlights the presence of interaction effects, which are critical for designing effective breeding strategies in future Striga resistance improvement programs. Furthermore, comprehensive studies on the genetic variability of Ethiopian Striga ecotypes will facilitate the development of durable resistant varieties.