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<p>Weed interference, especially during early growth stages, significantly reduces winter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>&#xa0;L.) yield. A&#xa0;three-year field study (2021–2023), conducted in Tokat, Turkey, aimed to determine the effectiveness of pre-sowing glyphosate (PSG) and pre-emergence pyroxasulfone (PEP), in combination with post-emergence tribenuron-methyl (PET) and hand weeding, on weed control, wheat yield, and soil weed seed bank dynamics. Treatments were evaluated in a&#xa0;split-plot design with four replications. PSG + hand weeding resulted in the highest weed control and grain yields, ranging from 5142.3 to 6513.0 kg&#xa0;ha⁻<sup>1</sup>, followed closely by hand weeding with 5064.0 to 6286.0 kg&#xa0;ha⁻<sup>1</sup> grain yield. In contrast, the yields in untreated weedy control plots were only 3787.5 to 4710.0 kg&#xa0;ha⁻<sup>1</sup>. The integration of PSG with PET increased yield by 687–1197 kg&#xa0;ha⁻<sup>1</sup> compared to PET only. PEP treatment in 2023 controlled <i>Amaranthus retroflexus</i> and <i>Portulaca oleracea</i> by ≥ 90%, while moderately affecting <i>Chenopodium album, Solanum nigrum</i>, and other weeds. Moreover, pre-sowing and pre-emergence treatments significantly reduced the density of dominant weed seeds in the soil, especially <i>A.&#xa0;retroflexus</i> and <i>C.&#xa0;album</i>. These results showed the importance of integrating pre-sowing or pre-emergence herbicides with cultural practices like hand weeding to improve weed suppression, yield performance, and long-term soil seed bank management in winter wheat.</p>

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Herbicide Strategies for Weed Control and Soil Seed Bank Dynamics in Winter Wheat

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月21日

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  • Ünal Asav,
  • Ahmet Tansel Serim,
  • Yalçın Kaya,
  • Bülent Başaran

摘要

Weed interference, especially during early growth stages, significantly reduces winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield. A three-year field study (2021–2023), conducted in Tokat, Turkey, aimed to determine the effectiveness of pre-sowing glyphosate (PSG) and pre-emergence pyroxasulfone (PEP), in combination with post-emergence tribenuron-methyl (PET) and hand weeding, on weed control, wheat yield, and soil weed seed bank dynamics. Treatments were evaluated in a split-plot design with four replications. PSG + hand weeding resulted in the highest weed control and grain yields, ranging from 5142.3 to 6513.0 kg ha⁻1, followed closely by hand weeding with 5064.0 to 6286.0 kg ha⁻1 grain yield. In contrast, the yields in untreated weedy control plots were only 3787.5 to 4710.0 kg ha⁻1. The integration of PSG with PET increased yield by 687–1197 kg ha⁻1 compared to PET only. PEP treatment in 2023 controlled Amaranthus retroflexus and Portulaca oleracea by ≥ 90%, while moderately affecting Chenopodium album, Solanum nigrum, and other weeds. Moreover, pre-sowing and pre-emergence treatments significantly reduced the density of dominant weed seeds in the soil, especially A. retroflexus and C. album. These results showed the importance of integrating pre-sowing or pre-emergence herbicides with cultural practices like hand weeding to improve weed suppression, yield performance, and long-term soil seed bank management in winter wheat.